Transcriptions » Recently created summaries of historical documents

In 1683, Kajeli became part of the lands given to the Company by the king of Ternate through a contract. Internal conflicts arose between the King and his nobles. Governor Gobius suggested sending van Arewijne as an envoy during 1728-1730.

In 1731, pirates Soensa and Arae Seenkang caused much damage to the kingdom. The rulers asked the Company for help, which sent patrol boats. Kings were obligated to inform the Company about succession changes and request approval through envoys or personal visits.

The king of Kajeli and Palos, Haginda, troubled by the Mandarese and other rulers, sent his brother Radja Marroka as ambassador to Makassar to request help in restoring order. Governor Sactip sent commissioners to Palos in 1733.

In 1790, 1715, and 1824, Kajeli was raided and plundered by the Mandarese. Radja Marroka offered Heboko, where gold was found, in exchange for help. However, the Company was ordered to let Bone handle these matters in 1732. The Bone people helped Radja Haginda but imposed fines and plundered Kajeli. The Mandarese completed its destruction and made Kajeli their tributary.

In 1835, the colonial schooner was sent to Palos to resolve disputes between the Menado resident and local inhabitants. In 1844, Dain Matena was appointed Major of Kalang-kalang. After his death, his son Kapitigo succeeded him.

A contract was made with the rulers of Palos, Donggala, and Motdon where the government agreed to build a fortress at Palos bay to protect trade. In return, these peoples would provide materials and give up their import and export duties.

Between 1674 and 1858, the relationship between the Dutch East India Company and the Mandharese people went through various phases. On October 14, 1674, a contract was renewed, though the Mandharese later claimed they knew nothing about it. Between 1735 and 1750, the Mandharese trade activities became dangerous for the Company.

The Mandharese served as loyal auxiliary troops for Boni and the Company. However, they also engaged in illegal spice trade, causing significant harm to the Company. In 1765, the Company sent envoys to Mandhar demanding 22,000 reals compensation for raiding a Company vessel called the Freedom.

By 1790, Aroe Seenkang tried to persuade the Mandharese to renew an old alliance with Wadjo, but those from Bellanipa refused and remained loyal to the Company. The Mandharese became completely devoted to Boni and continued their smuggling activities, disregarding their contracts.

In 1795, a Company vessel called the Amurt, under Lieutenant Le Roo, was attacked and its crew murdered. Governor Beth demanded satisfaction and the surrender of the main murderer, Latta. The Mandharese claimed they had a long-standing privilege to sail without passes, though Governor Vieth could not find evidence of this privilege.

In 1824, some Mandharese rulers showed no respect to Governor-General Baron van der Capellen. The rulers of Ballanipa, Winoang, Madsenué, and Lamboang joined the contract of August 9, 1824. By 1835, there was little communication between Mandhar and the Dutch government. The Mandharese complained about Boni raiders plundering their lands.

By 1855, while Kajeli was placed under the Makasser government, the government had limited relations with Mandhar, though their cooperation was needed to fight pirates. By 1858, the alliance with Mandhar was considered of little value or importance.

In 1771, 1790, and 1794, Loewoe had to provide soldiers to Boni in their war against Tanette, Sidenring and Bahoe.

In 1800, Governor Boelue reported that Loewoe did not follow contracts but was not harmful to the Company since they did not engage in sea trade or piracy.

In 1808 and 1824, Loewoe remained under Boni's influence. Aroe Lantsana, son of the late Queen, claimed the throne of Loewoe.

In 1825, the Governor of Makassar was authorized to persuade Loewoe's rulers to sign a contract. Loewoe was divided by internal conflicts but had a queen who wanted the government to build a fortress. Ships under the Dutch flag were well received at the capital Palopo.

In 1675, Radja Paluka conquered the Mandhar people. In 1674, their chiefs came to the castle and signed a contract for their 30,000 people. The contract included:

• Handing over their heavy weapons
• Sharing the same friends and enemies as the Company
• Coming to the castle when summoned
• Not harboring Company enemies
• Returning runaway slaves
• Only traveling with proper passes
• Giving the Company exclusive trading rights
• Allowing the Company to build a trading post
• Only allowing traders from Manette, Baroe and Ngatoekekle

Between 1689 and 1728, the Mandhar people were increasingly oppressed by Boni. The English tried to convince them to break their contracts with the Company, especially regarding trade. The kings of Mandhar complained about Boni's oppression and asked the Company for protection.

In May, after careful coordination with the administrator of Fluytbon, several vessels arrived. The frigate 'Lucky Hour' arrived on the 11th, the Bon on the 17th, and cargo from Gent arrived on the 30th. The shipments included:

• 3 slaves (as gifts)
• 1 mast timber from Macassar (unvalued)
• 87 loads of green cadjang (tadjang), costing 4,524 guilders
• 4,300 pieces of sappanwood worth 10,750 guilders at Bima

The Bima resident Harmanus Hassing had allowed the ship Bon to depart early with the green cadjang because he had received five letters from Dompo indicating that the king would only deliver 4,000 pieces, which he thought would be enough for the ship to carry. However, he later discovered that the supply was actually 1,000 picols larger, and the Gent, due to damage to its stern, could only carry 4,300 picols. This poor planning meant that some cargo had to be left behind, as the resident had not first given the ship Bon a full load of the available sappanwood.

In 1713, several ships were sent from Macassar. On February 11, two ships departed:

• The fluyt 'Bon'
• The ship 'De Gent'

On March 10, they sent the frigate 'Geluckig Uur' along with a new sloop called 'Pompelmoes'. The Pompelmoes was 60 feet long, 19 feet wide, and 10 feet deep.

The cargo included:

• 12,000 pounds of new gunpowder
• Drinks and food supplies
• Building materials worth 8,207 guilders
• 20,168 1/3 rijksdaalders in payment
• Various textiles including:
  • 20 packs of common bleached linen
  • 10 packs of Salempoeris
  • 5 packs of red Bethilees
  • 2 packs of fine Cambaijen
  • 6 packs of cotton blankets from Surat
  • 6 packs of malmollen
  • 5 packs of gerrassen

The total value of the cargo, including the sloop, gifts, provisions, and necessities, amounted to 123,747 guilders.

On January 10, a decision was made and communicated by letter on January 13 and February 11. Further instructions were sent on March 10 to the governor and council in Macassar regarding the election of a new king of Belo. To avoid repetition, a diplomatic mission was sent to Macassar. The delegation arrived there on March 31 and first delivered the letter and customary gifts to the Company's officials. Six days later, several state officials transported these items to Goa with traditional honors. On April 12, the king, accompanied by the state administrator and various lesser princes and nobles from the Goan court, arrived at the Castle and received the aforementioned letter.

• Find Buginese people who were there without Company passes
• Catch thieves
• Watch what the sent officials were doing
• Investigate what was happening in those places

• King of Tosora (first king of Towadjo)
• Lady Matowaaij
• Lapadtapij (head of the yellow standard)
• Lapakita (head of the multi-colored standard)

• King Palacha of Bonthain
• Raja of Macassar
• Raja Sopingh
• Raja Tanette

• They acknowledged their land Towadjo belonged to the East India Company by right of war
• They could keep their land as a loan from the Company
• They would be loyal subjects to the Company
• They renounced all ties to the King of Macassar
• They would remain loyal even if the King of Macassar or allies turned against the Company

On October 26, 1778, in Palembang, seven Mandharese arrived under the guidance of quartermaster Cornelis Krak. The night before, near Salatjaran, their four vessels carrying slaves were stopped by the Company's patrol boat "Edam" commanded by quartermaster Andries Christiaanse Nijgaard.

Following old customs, they were asked to hand over their krisses (traditional daggers) when they came ashore. They refused and started looking for ways to escape, showing signs they would use force. After being informed, the commander went outside with 8 soldiers. In front of many witnesses from both the bark "Freedom" and those serving on shore, he politely asked for their krisses again.

The Mandharese refused rudely, and one of them even tried to forcefully take a weapon from a soldier's hand. After three failed attempts to resolve the situation peacefully, and seeing several sailors wrestling with the Mandharese over their krisses, the commander ordered a soldier to fire at the resisting man. The man was shot dead immediately. This frightened the others so much that they willingly handed over their krisses and begged for forgiveness.

They were brought to the lodge under guard, except for one who, after surrendering his kris, jumped into the water a second time and escaped. The next day, they gave their statements, recorded as numbers 13, 14, 15, 16, and 17.

The ship Cape of Good Hope is expected, and since most of the regiment has been sent to Ceylon, they request that detachment to be sent at the first opportunity to keep the regiment together. They wished the provisions sent with Jagtrust had been more generous, especially wheat and wine, since they could share very little with the French.

On June 14, 1780, from Colombo, a letter was signed by J.M. Willem Falck, W.J. van de Graaff, D. De Vok, J.R.J. Coguaas, C. de Cock, M. Mekern, J.W. Borwater, G.E. Holst, C.D. Kraijenhoff, B. Sluisken and J.J. Billing.

The frigate Jagtrust departed from Gale on June 26. The armed Company ships Ganges, Holland, Voorberg and De Zeeuw arrived safely at Gale on August 8, and the imperial ship Dolphijn on August 5. The ship Willem de Vijfde arrived in good condition on August 2.

They express surprise that the skipper of the hooker ship Katwijk aan Rijn stopped at Mauritius on his return journey to the Cape of Good Hope, despite explicit instructions not to do so. They wish to know what necessitated this stop.

They have not heard anything from the sloop Elizabeth and the ship Verstelder. The latter is believed to have been lost in a severe storm on November 27, 1782.

They request provisions, particularly Carie, of which they are running short. They also request the closed accounts of sailor Pieter Elst from Zierikzee, who departed in 1781 on the ship Amsterdam to the Cape, and was later placed on a French ship to Mauritius and subsequently to Trincomalee. His wages according to the ship Amsterdam's muster roll were 16 guilders.

• Agricultural products (cotton, chillies, copra, sesame seeds, corn, and grain)
• Raw materials (rubber, skins)
• Shells (mother of pearl)
• Ivory

• Visit ports outside their regular route
• Transport all types of cargo including dangerous goods
• Transfer cargo to other ships before or during the journey

The Pro interim Fiscal of the government, Gabriel Exter, appeared before the court in a criminal case against citizen Jan Smit from Dilburg. The case involved farmer Michiel Jacobus van Koppen, who owed 1000 guilders to the late Council Secretary of Politics Olof Martini Bergh. Jan de Waal Arendz, who was the Captain of the citizens' guard, had acted as guarantor for this debt. In 1783, after Van Koppen sold his property over the mountain and received the money, he decided to pay off this debt. When Van Koppen came from Cape in November of that year, he tried several times to meet with his guarantor but never found him at home. Since he could not stay at the Cape any longer, he paid the money to Johannes Smit to pass it on to De Waal as the guarantor.

• Nachoda Soemalij (a Caidoeper) and his son
• Another unnamed Caidoeper
• 5 Douthouders: Lamboelij, Laboelela, Tsjading (aka Lauwde), and Lakalilie

On May 18, 1715, helmsman Godfried Iansz brought several Butonese people to Makassar on the vessel Casuaris from Lomahala. One of them, Tjadij (also known as Lande) from the village of Herewolio in Buton, made a statement through Company interpreter Jacob Brugman. About 5 months before the Butonese gugugu's departure to Batavia, Tjadij worked as a helmsman with 8 other Butonese sailors. They borrowed a vessel from a Butonese person named Lasoegigen and sailed from Buton to Dima with white textiles to trade for salt.

After trading in Dima, they returned to Buton to sell their salt. There, a Kaidupa captain named Anachoda Soemara asked Tjadij if he would sail to Kaidupa in his prau pankor (a boat 8 fathoms long and 2 fathoms wide) to trade paddy rice. Tjadij agreed and departed with:

• Anachoda Soemara and his son Ladauwa
• Three Kaidupa men: Lakoeloela, Lakaloempa (boatswain), and Laboelela
• Three Butonese men: Lamboeli, Lamoeli, and Laboelela

They left two months after the western winds started in the past western season. Upon reaching Kaidupa, they found 2 Birase and 2 Bugis vessels already trading paddy rice there. Unable to sell their rice at the desired price, they decided to stay throughout the western monsoon. At the start of the eastern monsoon, hearing that paddy rice was being harvested in Holoop, they agreed to Anachoda Soemara's suggestion to sail there to try selling their rice.

On March 3, 1717, a sailor from Coromandel was reassigned. The chief and second-in-command of Palicol were sent to Ceylon via the ship Oosterstijn, and then to Cochin. Their wages were suspended until further notice.

A legal case between junior merchant Applonius van Noort and former bookkeeper Thomas Daniel Eliot was concluded by fiscal officer Dirck Both in Nagapatnam. On January 28, the justice council demoted Eliot to sailor with a salary of 9 guilders per month. He was to be sent away on the yacht Schooteroog.

Other pending legal proceedings involved the fiscal officer representing former substitute fiscal Ruijs van Doornick of Mazulipatnam, and a case against Palicol's chief Cornelus Boudewijns and second-in-command Andries van Walree. The documents consisted of 9-10 small-format books, but contained no good evidence against the accused. Instead, they showed that fiscal officer Ruijs van Doornick had overstepped his bounds.

The previous year, Buginese troops from the garrison were placed on the ship Oosterstijn for reinforcement. They sailed to Ceylon and were later sent by sea to Cochin to serve in the war.