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1746:

• On 25 January, 5 March, 23 March, 10 May, 15 May, and 16 May, documents were received by ship.
• On 18 May, documents were received by Hof d'Uno.
• On 10 June, documents were received by Cabo de Goede Hoop.

The register of papers includes:

• A letter from Hendrik Swellengrebel, Council Extraordinary and Governor, and the Council to the High Indian Government, dated 11 August 1745.
• A letter from the same to the same, dated 27 September 1745.
• A letter from the same to the same, dated 27 October.
• A letter from the same to the same, dated 15 January 1746.
• A letter from the same to the same, dated 21 February.
• A letter from the same to the same, dated 7 February.
• A letter from the same to the same, dated 10 March.

Ships mentioned:

• Lekkerland
• Barcq de Spion
• Lis
• Westhoven

On 15 June 1693, from Macassar:

• Crain boelecombas people complained about their leader. The dispute between him and Craij odjonglave was paused. Their ship was burned for its ironwork by people from Tentolij. 33 men from Kaijelij were robbed of their goods by Tentoliers. Aijmuijse Chinesen lost their goods near Tontolij and stayed in Arou Tennette.
• The King of Boelecomba had previously complained about his people running away to join Heer Presid. Hartsing's group after his departure. They were called to Macassar to resolve this, but only the dispute between Crain boelecombas and Craij odjonglave over the Negorij bellenijson village remained. This village had 33 people. Craij odjonglave claimed it was given to him in a division in 1687 by Fiscael Carisse and Aroe Tanette Matoa, but Boelecomba denied this, saying there were two villages with that name. They agreed to wait for Aroe Tanette Matoa, who was in Bonij, to settle the dispute.
• On 30 May 1693, a small ship from Kaijelij with 11 Chinese people arrived. They said that 4 months ago, their ship, strengthened with 45 copper plates under Anachoda Quanko from Spieuw, had sailed from China to Borneo, Macassar or Banjer Massing. Near Tentolij, 10-12 miles north of Kaijelij, their ship hit a reef. Their cargo of silk, porcelain, tobacco, lacquerware, and quilts was mostly stolen by Tentoliers, who also burned their ship for its ironwork. The remaining crew and Anachoda were left in Kaijelij and planned to go to Japara on the coast of Java.
• Gold mining in Lamolo was poor, with only 52 ¾8 worth of gold collected. 16½ loads of green ladjang were sent, costing ƒ16384 16 18.
• The King of Coetij, about 14 years old, was the son of Arou goagoa and the daughter of Arou tekas. He was engaged to the daughter of Radija baijshius and Aroe goa goa, and also to the daughter of Aroe Teko.
• On 7 May 1693, the King of Coetij arrived in Macassar with 3 ships and a large boat from Borneo. He reported that 40-50 pirate ships were cruising between Banjer Massing and Passer, making the area unsafe. In a clash near Pamanoekan, his father Poerobaija was killed. The pirates were said to come from the west and Blitonse Islands, or from Iohoor or Palembang, and planned to return with the east wind.

On 15 June 1693, from Macassar, the following was reported:

• The assistant merchant was well instructed and strengthened according to previous orders to withhold a shipment of green Cadjang and, under Article 25 of the treaty, force compliance if necessary. The original Malay obligation in favor of the major was shown, and gifts were given.
• A letter and gifts from Their Highnesses were prepared for the Raja of Tambora to explain their intentions and better support their people. A well-armed ship, the Chialoep Macassar, was sent with Sabandhaer Mons. Iunius to counter Ioannes Junius, known for causing trouble in the region. The ship was reinforced with 1 corporal and 8 soldiers, plus two 3-pound cannons. It departed on 8 June 1693.
• S. Iunius was to follow overland to Bankala. Instructions and credentials were given, including orders to buy 20-30 loads of green Cadjang for Batavia, with trade goods provided.
• If Raja Biema refused to comply, allies would likely force him by arms, per Article 25 of the Boni contract. A well-armed ship would be sent to represent the Company's interests.
• Three local ships (bielos) were seized near Mandaer for illegal trade, carrying goods like slaves, porcelain, and textiles. Their cargo violated the Company's contract with Mandaer’s rulers. Confiscation was ordered.

On 15 June 1693, a letter from Macassar reported a murder that caused great unrest. The murder involved high-ranking figures, including Radja Goa, Radja Bima, and Radja Dompo, and threatened to spark conflict among their allies and the EComp. (East India Company). The victim was a queen related to both Radja Goa and Radja Bima, and the accused, Radja Dompo, was closely connected to them by blood. The murder created tension, with each side blaming the other and preparing for armed conflict. The East India Company's resident in Macassar had so far managed to prevent violence, but the situation remained dangerous. To address this, a meeting was held on 19 May 1693 in Macassar with allies including Djaos Bonij, Goa, Tello, Tenetto, Laijoe, Sumbawa, and Boelecomba. Radja Goa asked the East India Company and its allies to help resolve the dispute fairly and restore peace. After discussion, it was decided that the East India Company would send letters to Radja Bima and Radja Dompo, urging them to avoid further conflict and instead travel to Macassar to settle the matter according to the 25th article of the Boni contract. This would allow the East India Company and its allies to mediate and ensure justice while maintaining peace. To deliver these letters quickly, the fast ship Pachall, captained by l de Rooij, was chosen. It was manned by experienced sailors, including Tokamma, a servant of Bonij, and equipped with weapons. The ship departed on 25 May 1693 with the letters, which were written in peaceful terms. Additionally, the East India Company sent instructions to their resident in Macassar, Christoffel Nootnagel, to ensure the kings followed the orders. Nootnagel was advised to be cautious, especially with Radja Bima, who was suspected of involvement in the murder. If Radja Bima resisted, Nootnagel was to gather information and report back, while also being prepared to leave Macassar if the situation became too dangerous. Due to ongoing unrest, the East India Company further deliberated on 30 May 1693 and decided to send more urgent and forceful orders to the kings and local rulers to resolve the conflict and maintain peace.

On 15 June 1693, a report from Macassar detailed events involving Radja Laboe and the Laboe rijxstenden (Laboe nobles). Radja Laboe had examined and executed individuals found guilty, including Radija Bonij, and informed His Highness. The VHoEd (likely a governing body) expressed concern over potential unrest among allies due to such actions. The text also mentioned Chenning, son of a banned Ed. van den Coning van Laboe, who faced accusations of serious misconduct, including relations with his father’s wife and his wife’s sister. Additionally, a dispute between Tambora and Bima over the kalonkonesen (possibly a type of tax or resource) in the Burase Negorij Soemij was resolved on 17 April, with Radja Tambora receiving 1/3 of the wawaroenesen (likely a resource or goods) and Bima the remainder. However, a conflict arose when a group of wawaroeneten was attacked in the district of Can Core, under Radja Dompo, leading to further complaints. Regarding 24 escapees from Batavia (likely Dutch colonists) who fled to Sumbawa, 18 were initially captured, but one died of illness, leaving 17. Radja Sumbawa was ordered to send them back to Batavia with reasonable compensation for their captors, as they had fled due to inability to pay taxes imposed by their masters (mostly Chinese and Indigenous inhabitants). A tragic event was also reported: the Queen of Dompo and two of her ladies-in-waiting were murdered in Combo while overseeing the preparation of her ships. This was confirmed by multiple letters from Radja Bima and Radja Dompo between 13 May and 18 May, and further detailed in a letter from the resident on 19 May, received on 25 May.

1695-05-06 and 1693-05-06: Nicolaes Craeijevanger, a preacher in Macassar, wrote to François Prins, the president, and the honorable council. He stated that he understood their response to his request from 1693-01-14 and was appealing to the High Council of India or a suitable assembly. He felt the council was biased against him and had rejected his request unfairly. He also mentioned that he had sent the keys through the sexton but was appealing their decision. 1693-06-11 and 1693-06-15: Nicolaes Craeijevanger wrote again, listing documents related to his case, including letters from the King of Bima and Dompo, and a request from Hendrik Collaer, a merchant and second in command. 1693-06-15: After their last letter sent on 1693-05-06, a Chinese captain named Onwatko appeared at the castle in Macassar before the president. He reported on behalf of his wife, Rada Bonij, that one of her prominent concubines, Sittij, had eloped with a Toeboes prince named Chenning, who was the son-in-law of the King of Toeboe. Rada Bonij had sent Sittij under escort to Loeboeg so that the king there could examine and punish her according to local laws. This information was sent to Willem van Outhoorn, the Governor-General, and the Council of Netherlands India in Batavia, received on 1692-07-01.

1693-05-06: In Macassar, a church elder, Craijevanger, was accused of several misconducts:

• He insulted officials and was excommunicated without informing the police.
• He improperly administered communion to the wife of surgeon Riddersvelt without church council approval.
• On 1693-01-09, he submitted a defamatory document against Hendrik Berghuijsen, a junior merchant, without evidence.
• He sent a passionate letter to Captain Harman Hanssen, a 70-year-old man.
• He refused to give a church attestation to Juffrouw Cossenobel, a respected long-time church member, before her departure to Amboina.
• During sermons, he publicly criticized the local council, including in a sermon on 1692-12-21, claiming the church was being disrespected without punishment.
• He often skipped sermons, leaving the pulpit empty for 4-5 weeks without valid reasons.

The council decided to suspend Craijevanger from preaching and other duties until he provided satisfaction for his actions. His salary and benefits were also suspended. The decision was signed by Francoijs Prins, Hendrik Caes, Hendrik Steenkop, M.B. Suring, and Ioannes Suuus.

1693-05-06, Macassar: A complaint was filed by N. Craijevanger, a preacher, against Jan Ferdinandus, Baesheijn, and Baesheijn's wife, including Lucretia, as well as the Church Council and Captain and his wife.

• Jan Ferdinandus showed disrespect towards the sacraments, the word, and the preacher. When asked for reasons, he initially remained silent but later accused Craijevanger of:
  • Not inviting him and his family to services.
  • Abandoning his duties for four weeks.
  • Calling him a rogue in front of his house.
  • Threatening to slap him for turning his hat around disrespectfully when visiting Jan Ferdinandus.
• Craijevanger defended himself, stating:
  • He was ill and unable to visit Jan Ferdinandus, unlike others like Juffrouw Ruijs, Thin, and Thin's wife who were healthy.
  • He had not actually slapped Jan Ferdinandus but had threatened to do so, which he believed was justifiable.
  • He had not submitted to Jan Ferdinandus's demands, as he believed it was not his duty to do so.
• Craijevanger accused Jan Ferdinandus, Baesheijn, and others of disrespecting him, the Church Council, and their roles, using abusive language.
• Craijevanger requested that the authorities take action to maintain the dignity of the church and the Church Council, and appoint a suitable elder to the Church Council.

1693-01-09, Macassar: N. Craijevanger signed the complaint. The authorities reviewed the complaint and found that Craijevanger's request and previous actions were irregular and full of passion, unbecoming of a person of his character. They noted several issues, including:

• He tried to compel the political council of the castle to legally forbid the administrator of the region from the church.
• He involved Cornelis Brugman, a merchant and member of the Council of Justice of the castle, as well as an elder.

On 6 May 1693, a letter from Macassar mentioned a persistent issue that had left the writer at a loss for words due to the reckless behavior of certain individuals. A document signed by Craijevanger on 14 January 1693 at 8 AM described a political meeting held with all members present except Ebeconde H. Collaert and Hend. K. Berghuijse. During the meeting, a request from Predicant N. Craijevanger was presented by the court's messenger. The request detailed several grievances:

• Captain and his wife had long ignored religious duties, such as attending communion and listening to God's word, showing great disrespect to the church community. When questioned by an elder and deacon, they dismissed the concerns, claiming they attended church only to kiss and do nothing else.
• On 6 January 1693, Baes and his wife also failed to attend church or listen to the preacher for three months, acting as if they were free from any rules or discipline.
• On 5 January 1693, the Captain and his wife were summoned by the church council but refused to respond. The Captain even mocked the preacher, calling his work "boys' work" and confirming it, saying he had only been there for two years and should be tolerated.
• Craijevanger asked Baes Jan and Jan Ferdinandus to convey that since they did not recognize him as a preacher or head of church discipline, he could not recognize them as church members. Jan Ferdinandus refused, still not fully acknowledging Craijevanger's authority.
• Holscher, his wife, and Lucretia also refused to appear without a formal citation, despite knowing they had not attended church or communion for three months. Craijevanger explained that citations were for legal matters, not church discipline, but Holscher responded harshly, filling his cap with excuses.

Craijevanger warned of the decline of the church and the offensive disrespect shown.

Translations of the king's letters are now being handled. The main issue concerns the murder of the queen of Dompo and the accusations against the Radja of Bima. The ships in Macassar have not yet been loaded for this reason.

Since the last report, translations of letters from the Radjas of Bonij and Goa, as well as from the allied partners, and the kings of Bima, Dompo, and Tambara, along with a letter from the leaders and community of Bina, have been completed. Copies of these are now being sent with the next quarterly shipment from Macassar to the Honorable Highness.

The main content, except for the letter from Tambora, involves the accusation by the Radja of Dompo against the Radja of Bima regarding the murder of the former's wife. They will soon address this matter. The chief merchant Schenkens has been transferred from Ambon to Macassar as a replacement.

They wish these matters were clearer to address the legal and satisfaction aspects for the allies. They will soon handle these and other Macassar affairs with the necessary attention.

Regarding the continuation of the president Francoijs Prins and the request of the preacher Ernestus de Witte to go to Macassar, this was already mentioned in the last report. Since then, they have decided to transfer the chief merchant Matheus van Schenkenberg from Amboina to Macassar to fill the vacancy left by the departure of the merchant Hendrick Collaart.

1244 A copy for Jan Basson and Pieter Loret about a captured slave, Louis van Bengalen. A recorded statement from the Honorable Council of Justice (E. agtb: raad van Justitie) of this government, the citizen Jurgen Jansz: Schoeman, who answered questions as noted in the margin, heard and questioned by the Landdrost Pieter Lourensz. Jurgen Jansz: Schoeman, born in Meldorp, Holstein, aged 32, living at Drakensteijn, appeared before the court. He was asked if in December 1739, 7 of his slaves named Jan, Lowies, Andries, Biera, Batjoe, Anthonij, and Julij ran away from his place at de Vleesbank across the Berg River. He was asked if he, with citizens Jan Basson and Louis Nel, went to look for the slaves. He replied he did not remember but if he did, it was in haste. He confirmed Louis Nel stayed there. He admitted he had the slaves beaten. He had them tied to a ladder and beaten by his slave Baatjoe. He was asked if he took a stick from the shepherd Anthonij and hit the slave Julij with it. Jan Basson told him not to hit the young slave with a stick but with a sjambok (whip). He denied hitting Julij with a stick. He was asked if he, with Louis Nel and the slaves, went to his house, driving the young slaves before the horse. He confirmed. He was asked if Jan Basson and Pieter Loret found and asked to take the runaway and captured young slaves. He confirmed. He was asked if he, upon arriving home, got a ladder and hung the slaves Jan, Louis, Andries, Biera, and Julij in a room of his house by their hands with a rope to a beam, so their feet barely touched the ground. He confirmed but said their feet could reach the ground. He was asked if Louis Nel and his slaves Baatjoe and Anthonij helped him beat the slaves. He confirmed. He was asked if he then treated and beat the other slaves in the same way. He confirmed. He was asked if he beat the slave with a sjambok all over the body 43 times and then tied him up. He was asked if he had the slave's pants, coat, shirt taken off. He referred to previous answers.

1740

• A copy of the register of all documents submitted to the Council of Justice of Casteel de Goede Hoop in the case of Mr. Daniel van den Henghel, fiscal for Eijssel (appellant), against citizen Johannes Leij (appellee).
• The documents, including minutes, were certified and bundled to be handed over in case of appeal to Mr. Jacob Lakeman, president of the Council of Justice of Casteel Batavia, and other members of that council.
• The bundle begins with minutes from 19 May 1740, when the fiscal initially filed the case against Johannes Leij.
• Original documents include:
  • Testimony from slave Philip van Malabaar (marked L. A).
  • Testimony from slave Februarij van Mandaar (marked L. B).
  • Testimony from slave Maij van Bengaalen (marked L. a).
  • Testimony from slave Pedro van Bengaalen (marked L. a D).
  • Interrogation of sailor Jan Pietersz (signed on the back, marked L. a C).
  • Interrogation of Johannes Leij (marked L. a F).
  • Certification from chief surgeon Jan van Schoor (signed on the back, marked L. a).
  • Report from sailor Jan Pietersz (marked L. a H).
• Copies of minutes:
  • From 2 June 1740, when Johannes Leij responded.
  • From 4 August 1740, when the fiscal requested to pursue his appeal regarding the first part of the pending judgment before the Council of Justice of Casteel Batavia.
  • From 7 July 1740, when the defendant duplicated his response.
  • From 16 June 1740, when the fiscal replicated his argument.
• Original documents from Johannes Leij and Eijssel, along with conclusions.
• A copy of the verdict issued on 21 July 1740 and pronounced on 28 July 1740, annexed under Eijssel's appeal.

On 19 August 1740, in Casteel de Goede Hoop, officials C. Brand and J. C. Dewet registered and recorded a document, with D. G. Carnspek as secretary. Pieter Lourensz, acting as Landdrost, filed a case against citizens Jurgen Jansz Schoeman and Louis Nel. The case involved 5 slaves owned by Jurgen Jansz Schoeman who were allegedly beaten so severely that one, Julij, died. Jurgen Jansz Schoeman claimed Julij died after hitting his head on a spear hook. However, an investigation by officials and surgeon Wijnand Louw found that Julij had no fatal wounds. Further statements from slaves Jan van de Kust, Biera van Malabaar, and Louis van Bengaalen revealed that the 7 slaves (Jan, Andries, Biera, Louis, Batjoe, Anthonij, and Julij) had tried to complain about poor food and clothing. They were intercepted by Jurgen Jansz Schoeman and citizens Jan Basson and Pieter Loret near Bergh River. The slaves were tied together, and Jurgen Jansz Schoeman took a stick from Anthonij to beat Julij. Jan Basson stopped him, suggesting a whip instead. The slaves were then taken to Jan Basson's place, where Jurgen Jansz Schoeman and Louis Nel (who was called to help) beat them with a whip. Batjoe also participated. Later, at Jurgen Jansz Schoeman's home near Vleesch Bank, the slaves were stripped and beaten again. Batjoe and Anthonij were pardoned, but the other 5 were tied to a beam in a room, their hands bound, and left hanging so their feet barely touched the ground.

On 28 December 1739, officials from Draakenstijn went to the Vliesbank at the home of citizen Jurgen Jansz Schoeman after a request by Pieter Lourensz, the local Landdrost. They examined an enslaved person named Julij, owned by Jurgen Jansz Schoeman, who was said to have died after hitting his head against a spear hook. Julij had been buried by Schoeman, so the officials had the body dug up. They questioned other enslaved people—Jan, Louis, Andries, Biera, Batjoe, and Anthonij—all owned by Schoeman. The enslaved people said that they had left their master’s place and were later caught near Burgersdrift by Schoeman and citizen Jan Basson. Schoeman tied them in pairs, made them run in front of horses, and hit them with a stick. Basson took the stick from Schoeman and said, “You must not hit the boys with a stick, but with a sjambok (whip).” Back at Schoeman’s place, he tied 5 of the 12 enslaved people—Jan, Louis, Andries, Biera, and Julij—to a leather strap and had them whipped with sjamboks. Then, he hung them by their ribs from a beam in a room so their feet could not touch the ground. Soon after, Julij called out, “Master! I can’t take it anymore!” Schoeman then let Julij down, but Julij immediately fell to the ground dead. Schoeman admitted this was true, except he claimed the enslaved people’s feet could not reach the ground. A surgeon examined Julij’s body and found no fatal wounds, but the officials saw that both Julij’s body and the other 4 enslaved people had been beaten. The report was signed by Charl Marais and P. S Boijens in Draakenstijn on 30 December 1739.

On 16 March 1740, at the Cape of Good Hope, a slave named Lowies van Bengalen testified about events involving his master Jurgen Jansz: Schoeman, another citizen Lowies Nel, and several slaves: Jan, Batjoe, Anthonij, and Julij.

• At a place called Basson, Lowies Nel left after smoking a pipe of tobacco with Jurgen Jansz: Schoeman. Schoeman then tied Jan to a post, stripped him, and beat him with a sjambok (whip). Lowies Nel and Batjoe also hit Jan. Later, Schoeman tied up Jan and other slaves (except Batjoe and Anthonij) and beat them with help from Lowies Nel.
• Schoeman then took Jan and four other slaves into a room, tied their hands, and hung them from a beam so their feet barely touched the ground. He then placed a small table under Jan, pulled it away, and left him hanging. He did the same to the other four slaves.
• Schoeman's wife entered and told him to release the slaves. Julij was untied first but collapsed, and Jan said, "Julij is dead." Schoeman denied it, untied the others, and dragged Julij's body. He sent a woman named Sara to fetch burning wood, which he held under Julij's nose, but Julij did not move. Anthonij and Batjoe were ordered to bury Julij near the house, which they did the next morning.
• In February 1740, Jan returned from Cust (likely Cape Town). On a Sunday morning, Schoeman asked Jan why he wasn’t working and hit him. Jan ran away but returned. Schoeman then ordered Batjoe to tie Jan up, but Jan fled again. Schoeman shot at Jan, chased him on horseback, and caught him. He tied Jan's hands and took him toward Stellenbosch. Schoeman returned alone and claimed Jan had escaped into the bushes after asking to loosen his pants.

The testimony was recorded at the Castle of Good Hope in the presence of clerks Adriaan van Schoor and Hendrik Emanuel Blanckenberg. Lowies van Bengalen confirmed his statement in the presence of his master Jurgen Jansz: Schoeman and Lowies Nel. The document was signed by judges P:r R: de Savoije and Jacob de Hennion, along with the clerk D. G. Carnspek.

On 3 December 1739, Wijnand Louw received a statement from surgeon B Huijden on 4 February 1740. The slave Jan van de Cust Cormandel, owned by farmer Jurgen Jansz Schoeman, appeared before Daniel Godfried Carnspek, secretary of the honorable Justice Council of Castle de Goede Hoop, along with witnesses. Jan stated that in December 1739, he and six other slaves—Lowies van Bengalen, Andries and Biera van Mallabaar, Baatjoe van Boegis, Anthonij van Ternaten, and Julij van Couchin—left their master’s place to go to the Cape to complain about not receiving proper food or clothing. Near Burgers Drift, their master, along with Jan Basson and Lowies Nel, caught them. Their master took a whip from Anthonij, the sheep herder, and hit Julij. Jan Basson said, "That’s not right, you must hit the boy with a sjambok, not a whip." The master then hit Jan and the others (except Baatjoe) with the sjambok. Their master tied Jan, Anthonij, and Biera together in pairs, and the others two by two. He made them run in front of his horse while he, Jan Basson, and Lowies Nel rode behind. After about a pipe’s worth of tobacco smoking, Jan Basson and Lowies Nel left, but Jan and the others kept running until they reached home. Once home, their master ordered Jan to take off his coat, shirt, and pants, then tied him to a rack and beat him with a sjambok. Lowies Nel and Baatjoe also hit him. The other slaves were tied and beaten the same way, except Baatjoe and Anthonij. Then, Jan and four others were taken to a room in their master’s house. Their hands were tied with a rope, and they were hung from a beam so their feet barely touched the ground. Lowies Nel left, and their master went outside and came back with a small table. He made Jan stand on it, then pulled the rope tighter until the table was removed, leaving Jan hanging so his feet couldn’t touch the ground. The same was done to the other four slaves. Their master’s wife came in and said, "Let the boys go." Their master first untied Julij, who fell to the ground, lifeless. Jan and the others, still hanging, said, "Master, Julij is dead." Their master replied, "How can he be dead? He’s still alive." He then untied Jan and the others. Julij remained motionless on the ground, so their master dragged him around and ordered a Hottentot woman, Sara, to bring a piece of burning wood. He held it under Julij’s nose, but there was no movement. Their master then ordered Anthonij and Baatjoe to take Julij outside to the slave house and bury him somewhere nearby. The next morning, they wrapped Julij in a cloth and buried him not far from the house.

On 15 March 1740, at the Casteel de Goede Hoop, Biera van Mallabaar, a slave, testified about the abuse he and other slaves endured at the hands of their master, Lijsheer, and his wife, Lijfvrouw.

• Lijsheer tied Biera and other slaves to his horse and made them run while he rode with Jan Basson and Lowies Nel until they reached Basson's place. After a short break, they were forced to run again until they reached home.
• Upon arrival, Lijsheer tied Biera to a leather strap, stripped him, and beat him with a sjambok (whip). Lowies Nel and another slave, Batjoe, assisted in the beating. Other slaves were also tied and beaten, except for Batjoe and Anthonij.
• Lijsheer then took Biera and four other slaves into a room, tied their hands together, and hung them from a beam so their feet barely touched the ground. Lowies Nel left after this.
• Lijsheer later returned, placed a small table under Biera, and pulled the rope tighter, causing Biera to hang completely. He did the same to the other four slaves.
• Lijfvrouw entered and told Lijsheer to release the slaves. Lijsheer had already untied one slave, Julij, who fell to the ground, apparently dead. When Jan (another slave) said Julij was dead, Lijsheer denied it, but eventually released the remaining slaves.
• Lijsheer tried to revive Julij with burning wood under his nose, but it didn’t work. He then ordered Anthonij and Batjoe to take Julij to the slave house and bury him, which they did. The next morning, Julij was found wrapped in a cloth and buried near the house.

On 16 March 1740, Biera van Mallabaar confirmed his testimony, adding that Lowies Nel was not involved in their capture at Burgers Drift but had joined them later at Jan Basson's house. On an unspecified date in December of the previous year, Lowies van Bengalen, a slave belonging to Jurgen Jansz: Schoeman, testified that he and six other slaves, including Biera van Mallabaar, Jan van de Cust, Andries, Batjoe van Boegis, Anthonij van Ternaten, and Julij van Couchin, had left their master's place to go to the Caab to complain about lack of food and clothing. At Burgers Drift, their master and Jan Basson caught up with them on horseback. Their master took a stick from Anthonij (a sheep herder) and hit Julij. Jan Basson told the master to use a sjambok instead, which he did, and then beat all the slaves except Batjoe. The master then tied the slaves in pairs (Lowies to Julij, Anthonij to Jan, Biera to Andries, and Batjoe to someone else) and made them run in front of his horse while he rode with Jan Basson.

• It was decided to keep 2 or more ships with some yachts in Banda for known reasons, to control the Bandanese. His Lordship should pay special attention to this.
• Due to a truce with the Spaniards, His Excellency stayed in Ternate. Ships could not reach Banda before October.
• A general warehouse and Molucos should be built in the most convenient place. Maqmian was too unsafe due to the forts, but Nostaquia was a good location. Costs should not be spared for such necessary work.
• Workers could be used for reasonable wages to make lime and other tasks. In Banda, good progress had been made on a fort, with the fourth part of the work on a bastion wall done, but it still lacked a parapet. Completing the fort would save annual repair costs.
• The Maqmian people needed rest, especially from work in Ternate. Enough had been done to fortify and repair in Maqmian. Now, a break was needed to prevent exhaustion.
• A large number of people in Ternate were not properly organized for work or food. They could be pressed to fortify the captured Portuguese fort near Samisuma, a strategically good location. A general warehouse could also be built there.
• Good locations and forts were available, and trade was expected to increase from Grite, Macassar, Jacatra, Taliabo, and Japan.
• Cayoers, Gauers, and Bachianen should be treated kindly to strengthen their loyalty. Good rice was available, so they should be given some, as they would likely pay it back. This could also attract Tidoresen, Cnuuwers, and other roving traders, especially since the Spaniards were weakened.
• A previous letter suggested sending the ship Lieff to Bantam and then to the Philippines, but the situation in Banda required it to sail there instead. It was advised to send Lieff and 2 yachts to Banda after Lieff completed its voyage to Benfara, Massi, and Sambas. One yacht should also go to Japan.
• The sloop Cleijn der vills could be used for the Bornersche voyage, and der Goes for the Coromandelsche coast. The yachts should be used in Banda unless some were sent to Ternate with provisions, which was highly necessary.
• It was hoped that the Roden Leeuw met Pijlen would bring good provisions from Japan at a reasonable price.
• Great joy was expressed over gaining Banda. To save time, provisions brought by the Roden Leeuw met Pijlen for Banda should be kept for that purpose, as the ship was designed for long voyages and already had a stock of food.
• It was requested that the provisions not be misused. If any were taken, it should be for the yachts Paeut and Griffioen, as their crews needed to be fed like those on large ships.
• It was wished that all leaders coming to the Indies were blessed with a generous nature.

On 9 January 1681, Simon Jansz Hoen, the Vice Admiral, and particularly Amirael P. Van Caerden had written to the honorable and wise lords about the shortage of supplies in the Moluccas. They had not received any supplies, especially ships and yachts. On 13 July 1610, Amirael van Caerden was traveling from Malaya to Macquian with the yacht De Goede Hope. He was attacked by a Spanish galleon, a frigate, and a Tidor Corra Corra. After a fight of about three hours, they were promised good quarters, but this was not the case. The Spanish took Amirael with his crew and yacht to their city near Ternate. On 18 August, a Spanish envoy came to Malaya with a peace offer. They requested that some of the Dutch be sent to Gamollammo to negotiate the ransom and the release of the prisoners with the maestro de Campo. Cornelis Lenaertsen and Christiaen den Dorst were sent, but the maestro de Campo's demand was too high, at least 40,000 Real of 8. On 27 July, Cornelis Levertsz was sent to Menado with his ship to buy as much rice as possible. On 3 August, a ship with supplies for the Spanish and the prisoners in Manila arrived in front of the Spanish Ternate. On 15 August, 200 Real of 8 were sent to Manila to aid the prisoners. On 16 September, the ship Middelb arrived in Malaya from Menado with about 1,000 padi or unhusked rice, which was less than hoped. The ship was sent to Bangay or Xula to wait for rice and sago. However, due to contrary winds, currents, and droughts, it was not advisable. The only remaining option was the yacht De Jager. They armed De Jager in Macquian to resist the Spanish galleons and frigate. On 25 September, Cornelis Levertsz, Capn. Adriaen Wautersz, and others left for Batsian with De Jager. On 8 October, they returned to Nofaguia and found two Jabaensc junks loaded with rice and sago, which they bought for the forts in Macquian. They loaded most of the sago onto De Jager to transport to Malaya. On 12 October, they arrived in Malaya and started unloading, with about 4,000 sacks of sago unloaded on the same day. That night, the enemy with galleons and six Tydorosche Corrocorren arrived near Malaya and attacked De Jager. After a fierce fight, the yacht exploded due to its own gunpowder. The skipper, helmsman, constable, and nine others were captured by the enemy, and thirteen were brought to Malaya, some of whom died from burns. The enemy then attacked Malaya by land but were repelled. On 13 November, another Malaysche junk from Zula arrived in Nofaguia with sago, which they all bought. The ship Middelb was loaded with 30,000 tocq for the forts Malaya and Wilmstadt. On 25 November, it sailed to Malaya to pick up the nails that were there, then returned to Macquian or Nofaguia to pick up the remaining cargo from the three junks. This was considered a great stroke of luck, even though the sago and rice had to be bought at a high price, causing some trouble with the inhabitants of Macquian and Ternate. The forts now have some rice and sago, but little else. They hope to manage for about five months, after which everything will have to be rationed.

In 1676, camer was appointed as coopman and opperhooft in Colombo with a salary of 60. In 1689, d' zion was appointed as ondercoopman and secunde in Delft with a salary of 40.

• 6 people in Palicol:
  • Johannes Lampe from Bremen
  • Frans Jorisz: d'neve from Amsterdam
  • Dirck Vrijmoet from Rotterdam
  • Joachim Kantouw from Batavia
  • Christiaan Witvogel from Palliacatta
  • Landelijn Conradus from Nagapatnam
• 3 people at the Comptoire Bimelepatnam:
  • Nicolaas Danckwaart from Noortcapel
  • Dirck Hackert from Bordeaux
  • Anthonij van Buijtendijck from Nagapatnam
• 6 people at the Comptoire Daalcheron:
  • Jan Vorwer from Colombo
  • Ioannes Wassenberch from Leijden
  • Iohannes de Carpensier from Brazil
  • Joost Benedictus Ulsen from Banda
  • Zacharias Michielsz: from Rijpen
  • Adriaan Vos from Nagapatnam
• 63 people at the Comptoire Palliacatta, including:
  • Adriaan Devisser from Rotterdam
  • Jan Sweers from Amsterdam
  • Iohan Noot from Nimwegen
  • Cornelis Vander Wiel from Den Briel
  • Hector Alewijnsz: from Amsterdam
  • Hans Wolf from Wirtsburgh
  • Hendrick Grousius from Den Haagh
  • Gerardus Lindeborn from Colombo
  • Pieter Elzevier from Middelburgh
  • Willem Mars from Rijnsaterwoude
  • Dominicus van Norden from Gale
  • Iacob Boukens from Palliacatta
  • Dirck Dircksz: from Batavia
  • Hector Alewijnsz: d' jonge from Palliacatta
  • Gerrit Verfangen from Cannanoor

In 1664, tsbot van koningen was appointed as ondercoopman and secunde in Rotterdam with a salary of 40. In 1667, d' gerechtigheijt was appointed as ondercoopman and secunde in Amsterdam with a salary of 40. In 1687, d' Leck was appointed as ondercoopman and secunde in Amsterdam with a salary of 40. In 1670, tw: van rotterdam was appointed as ondercoopman and secunde in Rotterdam with a salary of 40. In 1655, mallacca was appointed as p:l vaandrich in Amsterdam with a salary of 20. In 1674, d' pijnacker was appointed as boechouder in Amsterdam with a salary of 30. In 1672, wimmenum was appointed as dsistent with a salary of 24. In 1680, someone was appointed as Soechouder in Palliacatta with a salary of 30. In 1672, someone was appointed as ranckbesoecker in Ternaten with a salary of 30. In 1679, w: van alcmaar was appointed as psistent with a salary of 20. In 1682, someone was appointed in Jaffenap with a salary of 24. In 1671, someone was appointed as oldaat in Palliacatta with a salary of 12. In 1677, someone was appointed as osschieter with a salary of 12. In 1690, someone was appointed as oldaat with a salary of 16. In 1686, someone was appointed as adsistent with a salary of 20. In 1686, someone was appointed in Oosterlant with a salary of 12. In 1686, someone was appointed in Zeelant with a salary of 12. In 1690, someone was appointed as boechouder in Nagapatnam with a salary of 32. In 1665, someone was appointed as coopman in Amsterdam with a salary of 60. In 1680, someone was appointed as adsistent in Amsterdam with a salary of 12. In 1685, w=m hendrick was appointed as adsistent en secunde in Zeelant with a salary of 24. In 1687, someone was appointed as boechouder en opperhooft in Nagapatnam with a salary of 32. In 1669, d' barm was appointed as coopman en opperhooft in Rotterdam with a salary of 60. In 1676, Jappan was appointed as boeckn en p:r secunde with a salary of 30. In 1676, coevorden was appointed as adsistent in Amsterdam with a salary of 20. In 1684, someone was appointed as boechouder in Battio with a salary of 30. In 1679, poeleron was appointed as boss: bij d' pen in Delft with a salary of 12. In 1690, someone was appointed in Palliacatta with a salary of 14. In 1675, someone was appointed in Amsterdam.

• 496 and 15 people transported.
• Names, surnames, and birthplaces:
  • Iacob Roelofsz: from Godland
  • Louis Iean from Pontoise
  • Reijnier Vander Venne from Palliacatta
  • Ian Schrevelsz: from Vlissingen
  • Thomas Iansz: from Amsterdam
  • Gregorius Valentijn from Bromebergen
  • Willem Hansz: from Palliacatta
  • Frans Michielsz: from Palliacatta
  • Willem Hendricxs: from Palliacatta
  • Wijnant Barendsz: from Jaffenapatnam
  • Domingo Michielsz: from Palliacatta
  • Pieter Willemsz: from Haarlem
  • Frans Roos from Den Haagh
  • Hendrick Willemsz: from Dorth
  • Harmen Lollekens from Oosterlissens
  • Iacob Claasz: from Palliacatta
  • Michiel Slijker from Brobaarden
  • Willem Arendsz: from Mimwegen
  • Ian Jansz: Mes from Palliacatta
  • Michiel Test from Palliacatta
  • Cornelis Martensz: from Palliacatta
  • Iacob Jorisz: from Palliacatta
  • Barent Eger from Oenabrugge
  • Ian Iansz: Degraaff from Enckuijsen
  • Leendert Abrahamsz: Schutte from Haarlem
• In 1659, Gijsbert Abrahamsz: d'goijer from Amsterdam was a schoolmeester with a salary of 15 in Westeramstel.
• In 1682, Ian Wallis from Palliacatta was a soldaat with a salary of 9.
• In 1685, Marten Sijmonsz: Croeger from Jeveren was a kuijper with a salary of 17 in Waterlant.
• In 1687, Hendrick Merckman from Amsterdam was a schrijver with a salary of 12 in 'slands welvaren.
• In 1690, Gerrit Boech from Den Briel was a soldaat with a salary of 10 in Goudesteijn.
• In 1658, Pieter Amphius from Bergen in Noorwegen was a Corporaal with a salary of 16 in tw: van Amsterdam.
• In 1687, Anthonij Derosairo from Palliacatta was a soldaat with a salary of 11.
• In 1682, Domingo Derosairo from Palliacatta was a soldaat with a salary of 13.
• In 1675, Claas Andriesz: Vandram was a soldaat with a salary of 14 in Swartsluijs.

In 1678, someone was appointed as rap:n des armes in Europa with a salary of 30. In 1685, someone was appointed as hirurgijn in Amsterdam with a salary of 32. In 1683, someone was appointed in Amsterdam with a salary of 20. In 1655, Sergoes was appointed in Zeelant with a salary of 24. In 1650, d' walvis was appointed in Amsterdam with a salary of 16. In 1656, someone was appointed in Aarnhem with a salary of 16. In 1669, 'tstickt uijtregt was appointed in Amsterdam with a salary of 16. In 1684, d'vrijheijt was appointed in Zeelant with a salary of 14. In 1665, someone was appointed in Amsterdam with a salary of 14. In 1677, someone was appointed in Amsterdam with a salary of 14. In 1666, someone was appointed in Palliacatta with a salary of 14. In 1665, someone was appointed in Rijnland with a salary of 14. In 1666, someone was appointed in Duijnvliet with a salary of 12. In 1676, someone was appointed in Amsterdam with a salary of 14. In 1682, someone was appointed in Amsterdam with a salary of 11. In 1679, someone was appointed with a salary of 13. In 1669, tw: van Z: Zee was appointed in Zeelant with a salary of 14. In 1680, someone was appointed in Java with a salary of 13. In 1687, someone was appointed in Amsterdam with a salary of 11. In 1684, someone was appointed in Amsterdam. In 1669, Hendrick Roelofsz: from Hamburgh was a ronstapelsmaat with a salary of 18 in wtm. hendrick in Zeelant. In 1677, Ian Abrahamsz: Willicx from Zutphen was a corporaal with a salary of 16 in N: middelburgh in Zeelant. In 1661, Bastiaan Iansz: from Amsterdam was a soldaat with a salary of 15 in Hilversum in Amsterdam. In 1670, Pieter Passenier from Oostkappel was a corporaal with a salary of 16 in sw: vander veer in Zeelant. In 1689, Enog Woutersz: from Palliacatta was an amboer with a salary of 9. In 1665, Hendrick Meijndertsz: from Ieveren was a soldaat with a salary of 14 in N: Rotterdam. In 1673, Paulus Ieger from Spiers was a soldaat with a salary of 14 in Kassenburgh.

27 September 1693: Rama Ragia sent orders to Sandaatie Voor kande Ragoe stating that Poedicherij was given to the Dutch after they defeated the French. Since the land was too small, the villages Naraijnanelloer and Pakemoerneaan, along with surrounding lands, were also given to the Dutch East India Company to possess freely. This was translated from the Demaratic language. 29 November 1693: Sandaatie Voor kande Ragoe was ordered to hand over these places to the Dutch without any obstruction and ensure peaceful possession. Any opposition would be punished. Orders were to be given by Soenogie Pandedaar and followed by Sandaatie Voor kande Ragoe. This was confirmed by Albertu wed Cleercq.

In Nagapatnam, the following military personnel were stationed:

• From the Bugis: 91 soldiers and 103 porters.
• From the Ambonese:
  • Officers: Luijtenant Warnaar Abrahamsz from Batavia, Vaandrich Lassalissa from Waijpoetij.
  • Sergeants: Daniel Isaacxs from Diel, Thomas Cornelisz from Lockij, Lissaljoluoe from D'jella.
  • Corporals: Abdul from Sulla, Toelang from D'jella, Salamaat from Lebelsin, Latoe Andra and Lamboer Lassinetta from Bouton.
  • 58 soldiers and 68 porters.
• From the Topass:
  • Sergeants: Bastiaan Pimenta, Anthonij Pereira.
  • Corporals: Jan Rudolphus, Salvadoor Gomes, Anthonij D'rosairo, Gaspar Rebello.
  • 118 soldiers and 37 porters.

Additionally, there were:

• From the Bugis: 74 porters for transport and 848 people transported.
• From the Ambonese: 12 porters for transport.
• From the Topass: 37 porters for transport, 82 people transported, and 124 people for transport duties.

On 17 September 1722, in the city of Cochim, the writer trusted the English but not the French. The French had received 50 men and had become arrogant because of it.

Another report by Domingos Rebello, dated the same as the previous one, confirmed the conflicts between the Portuguese and the English. It also confirmed the truth about the capture of a ship from the chief of Coudewaar, loaded with horses. Additionally, the Portuguese had captured a vessel coming from Bombahia with weapons intended for Soudewaar. The Portuguese in Bombahia, in the settlements of the English, were killing people there. The English were in the settlements of the Portuguese, but the latter always had the upper hand.

It was said that someone from Bombahia had been sent to Goa to negotiate peace. Angrea had offered the Portuguese to take Bombahia and give it to her.

On 19 September 1722, Thursday before noon, Paradoertij Ittij macodda, the ragiadoor, came from Tritsjoer to the Commander. He was sent by the new king of Cochim to meet His Excellency on behalf of his highness and to pay a visit. This was answered with courtesy and civility. The ragiadoor then delivered his message, stating that his highness was very upset that His Excellency had not sent anyone to him since the death of the previously deceased king, so for about 45 days.

On 29 June 1660, aboard the ship de Mars anchored near Macassar, the crew noticed divine favor. Two of their residents, who had stayed in the Company's house in Macassar, had safely returned. Only one sailor remained ashore, whom they hoped to retrieve the next morning with God's will. They discussed how to handle the situation to advance the Company's interests without harming their main mission. On one hand, they had orders not to engage in hostile acts against Macassar before declaring war. On the other, they felt duty-bound to seize opportunities that could benefit the Company and weaken the enemy. After careful consideration, they decided to:

• Follow the general order to declare war on Macassar properly, without any prior show of force against the city or its people.
• If the remaining man in the Company's house in Macassar did not return, they would still attack the enemy Portuguese ships at dawn the next day, 30 June 1660, with courage, aiming to capture or destroy them as war and God's will allowed. This would prevent the ships from escaping or saving their valuable cargoes.

They also considered that the King of Macassar would have no reason to be upset about this.

In 1621, Gabriel de Matos, a member of the Society of Jesus, wrote from Macao about a dispute over land ownership. The Mandarins (Chinese officials) had ordered the destruction of buildings on a piece of land, claiming it was unfairly occupied by Portuguese merchants. The merchants had invested heavily in these structures, and the Mandarins had previously approved their construction. Gabriel de Matos argued that the land in question was not owned by the Portuguese but was part of China, and the Mandarins had the right to govern it. He protested that the Portuguese should be allowed to use the land for trade, as it benefited both China and Portugal. He requested that the Portuguese authorities in Macao support their right to use the land for trade fairs, both present and future. On 18 May 1621, the city council of Macao responded, stating that according to Chinese law, no one could own land without official permission. They confirmed that the land was indeed under Chinese rule and that the Mandarins had the authority to decide its use. The council agreed that the Portuguese could use the land for trade, as long as they followed Chinese regulations. They also agreed to provide official copies of the protest and response to Gabriel de Matos for use in legal proceedings. On 20 May 1621, Diogo de Carvalho, Rodrigo Sanches de Paredes, António do Livramento, and Gonçalo Teixeira Correia signed the response.