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On
21 July 1642,
Jendian De Ves, a public notary admitted by the Courts of
Holland in
Amsterdam, and
Mighil Diffrinh, a bailiff of the common land resources, both also working in this city, made the following declaration at the request of
Willem Eldertsz. Hoogland, who lived at the
Overtoom and served as tax collector for wines and beers over
Amstelland. Under their official oath, they stated that on
22 July of this year 1672, at the request and in the presence of the petitioner, they traveled to the homes of the people listed below. The bailiff then formally summoned these people to pay their overdue taxes on the mentioned wine and beer duties. The following people were summoned:
- Willem Spkken at the sign of Haarlem at the Overtoom, for 582 guilders
- Stijntje Jans, for 227 guilders and 12 stuivers
- Marritje Sielemans in the Peacock, for 86 guilders and 4 stuivers
- Jan Autebil in the Plumber, for 317 guilders
- The servant of Pieter Quak in the Kempsaantje, for 1,658 guilders and 15 stuivers
- Evert Pietersz at the house Te Vaagh, for 13 guilders and 15 stuivers
- The widow of Cornelis Pietersz Buijten Veldert in the Green Wood, for 489 guilders, 2 stuivers, and 12 penningen
- Cornelis Schoorbten in De Selij, for 208 guilders and 18 stuivers
- Kloen Illids in the Little Mill, for 363 guilders and 18 stuivers
- Cornelis Dirxen Banker at Amsteleden, together with Jan Jansz Bude, for the remainder of 2,200 guilders, of which 530 guilders had already been paid
- Engel Eggeraat at Onderkerk, for the remainder of 4,800 guilders, of which 2,611 guilders had been paid
View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 1937142 / 258
View transcript NL-HlmNHA / 4975135 / 427
Hendrik Brangers and
Johanna Paubert made a will concerning their children. When the children reached adulthood or got married, they would receive an inheritance portion as
Thede Gesen and
de Lang thought appropriate. The inheritance would come from the estate and serve as payment for the children's legal share.
When the surviving spouse remarried, they had to provide proof of the inheritance value to 2 people, either family members or outsiders that the surviving spouse would choose. These people had to verify in good conscience what belonged to the children as inheritance, though the surviving spouse could keep using it during their lifetime.
The surviving spouse did not have to make an inventory or provide security for managing the children's property.
The first spouse to die appointed the surviving spouse as guardian over their children and administrator of their property. If the surviving spouse remarried, supervisory guardians would be appointed - those who had witnessed the proof of inheritance for the children. After the surviving spouse died, guardians would be those persons the surviving spouse had chosen to name.
The testators explicitly excluded the Orphan's Chamber of
Amsterdam or any other place where the testators lived or where their property was located from involvement in guardianship matters.
The testators declared this to be their will and testament, which they wanted to be executed as a codicil, gift among the living, or death transfer, whichever was legally valid after their death.
This was done in
Amsterdam in the presence of witnesses
Pieter Vlot and
Esen Miserbij, who confirmed they knew the testators and that the testators were the people named in this document.
View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 605555 / 290
Several people declared that they had received their shares in certain mortgages from the East Indies, specifically from the hands of a former lord abbot, along with interest at 6 percent per year up to 21 February 1771.
The following people received payments:
- Jacob Speccaal, representing his company, received for shares in the first mortgage in the name of Mr. Huijbert van Rik: 12,000 guilders capital and 12,720 guilders interest; for shares in the same mortgage in the name of Wynands and Cramer: 300 guilders capital and 3,180 guilders interest; and for a balance on their current account: 42,262 guilders and 11 stuivers, totaling 5,862 guilders and 1 stuiver
- Pieter Vlot received for his share in the first mortgage: 7,000 guilders capital and 7,420 guilders interest
- Paulaus van Driest received for his share in the first mortgage: 6,000 guilders capital and 6,360 guilders interest
- Cornelis Anneus van de Steen received for his share in the first mortgage: 3,000 guilders capital and 5,300 guilders interest
- Pieter Ligthars received for his share in the first mortgage: 5,000 guilders capital and 5,300 guilders interest
- Barent Lubeley received for his share in the first mortgage: 200 guilders capital and 4,240 guilders interest
- Fredrik Cramer received for his share in the first mortgage: 400 guilders capital and 240 guilders interest, totaling 4,240 guilders
- Harmanus Wittemeyer received for his share in the first mortgage: 4,000 guilders capital and 4,240 guilders interest
- Jacobus Cramer Fredrits received for his share in the first mortgage: 4,000 guilders capital and 4,240 guilders interest
- Leerdus Petrus Le Gron received for his share in the mortgage: 3,000 guilders capital and 3,180 guilders interest
- Hendrik Cramer received for his share in the first mortgage: 3,000 guilders capital and 3,180 guilders interest
- Jacob Luden received for his share in the first mortgage: 2,000 guilders capital and 2,120 guilders interest
- Dirk Luden received for his share in the first mortgage: 2,000 guilders capital and 2,120 guilders interest
- Fredrik Wilfert Doornik received for his share in the second mortgage: 1,200 guilders capital and 120 guilders interest, totaling 12,720 guilders; and for a bond: 4,800 guilders capital and 171 guilders and 1 stuiver interest, totaling 4,671 guilders and 15 stuivers
The total amounts recorded were 82,542 guilders and 1 stuiver, 825,124 guilders, 12,749 guilders and 10 stuivers, and 17,391 guilders and 15 stuivers.
View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 1486097 / 477
The text describes a financial settlement involving several parties and
Cornelis Fratema.
- The first parties and the second parties (each for half) received certain bonds that were owed by Cornelis Fratema, including the interest due on them.
- They acknowledged receiving payment from Cornelis Fratema for the following bonds:
- 1,000 guilders dated 16 February 1742
- 1,000 guilders dated 19 November 1743
- 1,600 guilders dated 25 April 1748
- The last bond dated 15 February 1752 for 3,700 guilders (which included the previous bonds)
- The total amount owed was 7,300 guilders in principal, plus interest calculated at 4 percent per year from the date of the last bond until the present, amounting to 425 guilders and 16 stuivers.
- The grand total owed was 7,725 guilders and 16 stuivers.
- To settle this debt, the parties received from Cornelis Fratema:
- A bond in his favor dated 8 June 173[?] against Pieter Vlot for 1,200 guilders in principal, running for 18 months at 3½ percent interest per year
- Cash payment of 6,525 guilders and 16 stuivers
- With this payment, the parties declared that Cornelis Fratema was completely and absolutely released from all debts, with no further claims or demands against him under any circumstances.
- Cornelis Fratema also appeared and made a statement.
View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 1486030 / 215
Isaac Pool, a notary admitted by the Court of Holland and living in
Amsterdam, recorded that several people appeared before him on
21, 22, 23, and 28 August 1770 in the presence of witnesses.
The following people appeared:
- Jacob Speciaal, acting for and in the name of his partnership called Luden and Speciaal. He had acquired rights through a deed of transfer dated 8 August 1770, which was passed before the notary and witnesses. Johannes Swyggelman and Floris Brinkman, acting as guardians of the minor children and heirs of the late Mr. Huybert van Ryk, had transferred to him the share that Huybert van Ryk had held in a mortgage mentioned later. The capital amount was 12,000 guilders.
- Pieter Vlot, who also had an interest in the mortgage mentioned later, for a capital sum of 7,000 guilders.
- Paulus van Driest, married to Miss Johanna Kruyskerk, daughter and also heir of the late Daniel Krupskrk. Through a deed of division dated 25 July 1768, passed before notary Everard Harerkampen and witnesses, he had acquired rights to a share in the mentioned mortgage for the sum of 6,000 guilders.
- Mr. Cornelis Anneus van der Steen, who had an interest for a capital of 5,000 guilders.
- Pieter Ligthart, acting through a power of attorney dated 14 October 1769.
View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 1486097 / 474
- A bond worth ƒ 1200 in capital charged to Pieter Vlot from 8 June 1753 was transferred.
- The seller declared he no longer had any right, ownership, or claim to this bond and transferred it completely to the first mentioned buyers.
- The seller promised to protect the bond at all times against any claims or demands from anyone, without cost or damage to the buyers, under the same conditions as mentioned earlier.
- This agreement was made and signed in Amsterdam on the date mentioned above.
- Witnesses present were Gerrit van Houten and Pieter Cortogs.
- The document was signed by Geerd Coll, Jt Huijseen, Johanna Catharina Krols, Crueks Preterma, Gerrit van Houten, Pieter Cortoijs, and Isaac Pool the notary.
View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 1486030 / 216
Margareta Hendrina Tatum, widow of Jan de Witt, appeared before notary Casparus Henricus van Heimberg Reuvens in Haarlem on 12 January 1786 (Thursday evening between 6 and 7:30) to make her will. She was of sound body and mind.
She cancelled all previous wills and testaments she had made, either alone, with her late husband, or with anyone else.
She left the following amounts:
View transcript NL-HlmNHA / 4974726 / 5
This document was passed in
Amsterdam in the presence of
Pieter Vlot, a ship captain from this city sailing to
Rotterdam, who lived on the Achterburgwal canal, and
Johannes Zelger, who lived on the side of the Stock Exchange, as witnesses. The witnesses declared that they knew the appearing woman and were well aware that she was the person she claimed to be in this document: the widow of
Jacob van den Vrock.
View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 604569 / 524
10 March 1783 Harme van Weeren, manager of the Hague-Delft ferry service in Amsterdam, appeared before notary Daniel van de Brink. He stated that on 11 May 1731 he had been appointed to this position by the mayors and governors of the city, on the condition that he provide security for his trustworthiness in the amount of 2,000 guilders. This security was most recently provided on 7 September 1751, when Jacob Smit and Pieter Vlot, both skippers from Rotterdam, together and each individually, acted as guarantors for him for the sum of 2,000 guilders. Because Jacob Smit had died, another person needed to be appointed in his place. Isaac Teering, also a manager of the Hague and Delft ferry service, would take on this role. Harme van Weeren declared he would free both Pieter Vlot and Isaac Teering from their guarantor obligations, binding all his possessions, both movable and immovable, present and future. He also stated that due to his weakness he was unable to appear in person.
View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 1510977 / 405
- Bastiaan Mol, a deceased skipper, had representatives arrange for 3/8 of 17818 rixdollars (equal to 42754 guilders and 10 stuivers) to be paid to his widow, Elisabeth Vlot, in Amsterdam, with interest. The payment was to be collected by citizen orphan master Jacob van Rhenen and delivered through Frans Adam Carelson, a merchant in Amsterdam.
- 175 7/8 rixdollars (equal to 422 guilders and 2 stuivers) were to be paid to Lieutenant Jan Coenraad Warnesje for delivery to Frans Adam Carelson with 4 percent interest.
- 1200 rixdollars (equal to 2880 guilders) were to be received with interest by fellow Lieutenant Wijnand Willem Muijs through the mentioned Frans Adam, handled by the executors of the will of the late lady Aletta Carelson.
- A total transport of 22194½ rixdollars (equal to 53266 guilders and 16 stuivers) was recorded as an advance.
- An additional 1000 rixdollars (equal to 2400 guilders) was listed.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 10550 / 0140
Jan Klanke, an unmarried daughter living in the Eerste Blomdwarsstraat between the Blomstraat and Blomgracht in Amsterdam, and Aaltje Oommers, living on the Bickers Island at the Achterom in the same city, appeared on February 3, 1746 before notary Jan Verleij. Both women were of sufficient age to testify.
They came at the request of Elisabeth Vlot, widow and appointed heir of the late Bastiaan Mol. The witnesses declared that:
- They knew Elisabeth Vlot very well
- They also knew her husband Bastiaan Mol very well
- Bastiaan Mol sailed to the East Indies in 1743 as a captain in service of the directors of the East India Company at the Enkhuizen chamber
- They had heard that he had died
- Elisabeth Vlot was the lawful wife of Bastiaan Mol, having been legally married to him in Nieuwendam in 1742
- Both his parents had died long before him
- He had not left any children or other descendants alive
- They had been on familiar terms with Elisabeth Vlot and her husband
The witnesses were prepared to confirm their statement under oath. The document was drawn up in Amsterdam.
View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 708133 / 324
View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 1486050 / 366
January 6, 1836, at 2 o'clock in the afternoon, the death was registered of
Klaas Kinte. He died on the 5th at 6 o'clock in the morning, 25 years old, currently living in the military hospital where he died. He was born and had most recently lived in
Oldebroek in
Gelderland. He was a cavalryman with the 3rd cavalry division, son of
Tijmen and
Hendrikje. According to the official report, the deceased left no real estate and left behind a child. The declaration was made by
Moles Marusdesing, 21 years old, living in the military hospital, occupation soldier and friend of the deceased, and by
Abraham Filarske, 22 years old, living as above, occupation servant of the deceased. After reading aloud, the document was signed by both witnesses and confirmed according to the law by the alderman, appointed by the mayor according to Article 95 of the City Regulations.
January 6, 1836, at 2 o'clock in the afternoon, the death was registered of
Marten Dekker. He died today at 1 o'clock at night, 69 years old, living at
Klein Kattenburgerstraat Number 121 Canton 2, and died there. He was born here, occupation ship's carpenter, widower of
Jannetje van der Linden. The deceased left no real estate and left behind a child. The declaration was made by
Gerrit van Wijk, 36 years old, living as above, occupation bread baker and neighbor of the deceased, and by
Klaas Levendig, 32 years old, living at
Hoogte van Kadijk Number 17, occupation carpenter and acquaintance of the deceased. After reading aloud, the document was signed by both witnesses and confirmed according to the law by the alderman.
January 6, 1836, at 10 o'clock in the afternoon, the death was registered of
Johannes Coenraad Arindts. He died on the 4th at 8 o'clock in the morning, 32 years old, living at
Reguliersdwarsstraat Number 138 Canton 3, and died there. He was born here, son of
Johannes Coenraad Arindts and
Anna Barbara Leippert. The deceased left no real estate and left behind a child. The declaration was made by
Johannes Cornelis Arindts, 38 years old, living as above at Number 140, occupation copper worker and brother of the deceased, and by
Klaas van der Weijden, 56 years old, living as above at Number 141, occupation brewer and acquaintance of the deceased. After reading aloud, the document was signed by both witnesses and confirmed according to the law by the alderman.
January 6, 1836, at 2 o'clock in the afternoon, the death was registered of
Albert Pelser. He died on the 4th at 2 o'clock in the morning, 1 quarter year old, living at
Looiersgracht Number 71 Canton 3, and died there. He was born here, son of
Albert Pelser and
Hendrikje Zoet. The deceased left no real estate and left behind a child. The declaration was made by the father, 36 years old, living as above, occupation bookbinder and father of the deceased, and by
Gerrit Brandhoff, 30 years old, living as above at Number 76, occupation woodcutter and acquaintance of the deceased. After reading aloud, the document was signed by both witnesses and confirmed according to the law by the alderman.
View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 2335436 / 20
- On 28 April 1852, Johannes Gerardus Hendricus Beelman, a 24-year-old servant living on Singel street, and Wilhelmus Johannes Wiemers, a 45-year-old coachman living at Biegdstraat 64, appeared before the civil registry official. They reported that Maria Eingerer died on 27 April at 4 o'clock in the morning at Oudezijdsvoorburgwal number 4 in Amsterdam. She was 69 years old, had no occupation, was born in Bessendorf in Hanover, and was the widow of Frederis Buchholtz.
- On 28 April 1852, Jan Nichel de Zyn, a 29-year-old with an unclear occupation living at Clooyerstraat 62, and Johannes Mattheus Trooster, a 33-year-old shoemaker living at Dirk van Hasselsteeg gang 1, appeared before the civil registry official. They reported that Dina Jacoba Margaretha Kuhn died on 27 April at 10 o'clock in the evening at Prinsengracht number 3. She had no occupation, was born in Amsterdam, and was the daughter of Dina Kuhn.
- On 28 April 1852, Gerrit Brandhoff, a 45-year-old peat measurer living at the deceased's house, and Huinrich Wolff, a 51-year-old with no occupation living at Rozenstraat 42, appeared before the civil registry official. They reported that Johanna Elisabeth van Beekhoff died on 27 April at half past 11 in the morning at Baangracht near Passeerdersgracht. She was 84 years old, had no occupation, was born in Amsterdam, was unmarried, and was the daughter of Hendrik van Beekhoff and Elisabeth Knoffelook, who were both deceased.
- On 28 April 1852, Henrik Wilhelm Duyvendak, a 36-year-old shopkeeper and husband of the deceased, and Bartholomius Pasteuning, a 35-year-old lock keeper living at Eleuuscheuwstraat 157 and brother of the deceased, appeared before the civil registry official. They reported that Johanna Sebecca Pasteuning died on 26 April at half past 5 in the afternoon at Eerste Looiendwarsstraat number 16 in Amsterdam. She was 26 years old, had no occupation, was born in Amsterdam, was married to Henrik Wilhelm Duyvendak, and was the daughter of Johannes Pasteuning and Catharina Pelle.
- On 28 April 1852, Hermanus Wijnberge, a 23-year-old street vendor and father of the deceased, and Hendrik Stam, a 33-year-old shopkeeper living at Blanstraat 4, appeared before the civil registry official. They reported that Johannes Wijnberge died on 27 April at 8 o'clock in the morning at Buitenbrouwerstraat number 32 in Amsterdam. He was 4 months old, was born in Amsterdam, and was the son of Hermanus Wynberge and Maria Theresia de Ryk.
View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 1930999 / 170
- On 18 August 1852, two marriage ceremonies took place before a civil registrar in Amsterdam at the town hall.
First Marriage:
- Willem Gessenick, a 27-year-old vegetable seller living in Amsterdam, married Geertrui Ryvordt, a 27-year-old woman without a profession living in Amsterdam.
- The groom was the adult son of Casser Gisseniek (deceased) and Maria van Barlenburg, a vegetable seller living in Amsterdam.
- The bride was the adult daughter of Adriaan Ryvordt, a painter living in Amsterdam, and Anna Pieternella Ongeboer, living in Amsterdam.
- The groom's mother and the bride's father were present and gave their consent to the marriage.
- The marriage banns had been announced without objection in Amsterdam on 8 August and 15 August.
- Birth certificates of the engaged couple and the death certificate of the groom's father were submitted.
- The groom and witnesses confirmed under oath the identity of his parents because of the father's death.
- Both parties answered "yes" when asked if they accepted each other as spouses and would fulfill all duties required by law.
- The registrar declared them married by law.
- Witnesses present were: Hre van Batenburg, the groom's brother-in-law, a 46-year-old shopkeeper; Paulus Koppen, the groom's brother-in-law, a 27-year-old merchant; Simon Maly, 27 years old; and Jacob Barend Bessem, the groom's brother-in-law, 48 years old, all living in Amsterdam.
- After the document was read aloud, it was signed by the witnesses and the registrar, but the spouses and both mothers declared they could not write.
Second Marriage:
- Abraham Christiaan Lorenk, a 27-year-old shoemaker living in Amsterdam, married Sara Klekzer, a 24-year-old worker living in Amsterdam.
- The groom was the adult son of Hendrik Christiaan Lorenk (deceased) and Elisabeth de Vries, a ragpicker living in Amsterdam.
- The bride was the adult daughter of Hermina Klekzen (deceased).
- The groom's mother was present and gave her consent to the marriage.
- The marriage banns had been announced without objection in Amsterdam on 8 August and 15 August.
- Birth certificates of the engaged couple and the death certificate of the groom's father were submitted.
- Both parties answered "yes" when asked if they accepted each other as spouses and would fulfill all duties required by law.
- The registrar declared them married by law.
- Witnesses present were: Petrus Dorstegn, a 41-year-old worker; Johannes Meeuwx, a 24-year-old grain miller; Gerrit Brandhoff, a 45-year-old brush maker; and Jacob Blok, a 27-year-old cigar maker, all living in Amsterdam.
View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 1931972 / 60
Reniersz's account books showed a difference of 7816 guilders and 4 stuivers, which equals 15,632 guilders and 10 stuivers, compared to what was actually found. This was clearly stated in the daily register dated last day of October. The writer could not understand how such a large difference could have occurred. The writer promised to continue investigating everything carefully, including collecting outstanding debts which were already slowly coming in, and asked to be trusted with this task.
Regarding trade, nothing had been accomplished up to that point, mainly because foreign ships had not arrived and because of constant business matters at the headquarters. The writer hoped that the Company's goods would fetch their proper prices and produce good profits. All efforts would be made so that larger and more important capital could be entrusted to them for the benefit of the honorable Company in the future.
The small cargo that had been sent on the yacht Zoutelande and the fluyt ship d'Postilioen had arrived well in quantity but not in quality. In the yacht there were 2 damaged packages and in the fluyt ship there were 4. They would try with all possible effort to repair these and sell them to various buyers for the greatest profit of their employers. They would inform their superiors about the results soon.
Regarding their efforts in carefully investigating the dealings of the Macassarese and Portuguese, as well as other rumors, and pressing for payment of the unusable 1776¾ maesen (a type of currency) as reported by assistant Krul, their superiors could read about this in their daily register and in the copy of the letter written to the Moluccan governor Sijmon Cos. The writer also referred to the resolution about stopping the construction of ships under number 14.
The writer sadly had to report that due to the unruly behavior of their sailors, their desertion and other problems, and especially due to the incitement by several treacherous Dutch deserters (7 in total, who constantly tried to corrupt others), they faced daily complaints. One of their subordinate boatswains on the sloop de Kreest, a modest man named Pieter Iansz van de Doel, had been led so far astray from the path of virtue that he had first committed theft, then abandoned the Company's service and deserted to their known enemies, the Portuguese.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1225 / 1120
The text discusses the Dutch East India Company's monopoly trade system (alleenhandel) in Sumatra, Borneo, and Cayenne. The administration sought ways to increase income under the new system during its first years. This included reducing coffee cultivation. The text mentions concerns about the treatment of indigenous people and questions about whether it was appropriate to force them to grow specific crops. The discussion also extended to Ceylon and involved considerations about the suitability of the land for cultivation.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 2.10.01 / 473 / 0389
Viero van Eda reported that two English ships from Bantam and their cargo had reached Macassar, which was already well supplied with cloth but still being fought over with weapons. The English made a good profit there and brought back a large quantity of gunpowder, muskets, and other war ammunition to help the foreigners and encourage them to make new voyages to Amboina to buy cloves. For this, they offered 300 masen per bhaer. However, nothing came of it, so not a single clove from Amboina arrived in Macassar that year. They hoped to prevent this in the future as well. But about 60 bhaars of very damp and impure cloves arrived with three ships from Gammelamma, which the English bought for 280 masen per bhaer to bring back to England.
The English sold most of their gunpowder to the Spaniard Pedro de La Matta, who was a resident there. He sent it along with a good amount of rice and other supplies to Ternate with several ships, which were hard to catch by Dutch ships because they were fast at rowing and sailing. Three other ships and a frigate would go there again in November with rice and other food supplies, along with a good amount of cloth. The King was also a major participant in this, and the trade with Gammalamma and Manila was pursued more than before. That year, together with the Portuguese from both Samboanga and Manila, they received about 60 realen in gold in return. Two junks left again in May and June, and the ship of Francisco Fiera with a large cargo.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1167 / 0070
On
February 2, 2 ships departed for
Macassar, 1 for
China, and 1 small ship for
Alencastro in
Wingurla.
On
February 30, 2 ships left for
Macassar and 1 for
China. These ships belonged to
Joan Laurenco,
Joan de Prado, and the third one belonged to various married people from
Maccouw. The cargo they carried consisted of various sorted cloths, amber, red coral, incense sticks, incense, and some small items of little value. One ship was loading its cargo to sail to
Bengal.
In total, 11 ships paid 32,050 xerafins in royal taxes at the customs office, except for the last 2 ships mentioned going to
China and
Bengal, which had not yet departed.
According to the viceroy's statement, he did not send a galleon to
Portugal in 1678, but after the peace treaty was agreed upon, he had 2 ships made ready to sail. These were a large galleon called Nossa Senhora de Populo and the largest ship recently arrived from
Portugal called Nossa Senhora dos Remedios, which was immediately repaired. Both ships left for
Lisbon on
the 2nd. The exact cargo contents and crew size remained unknown. According to the latest report from the Company's spy, the taxes on the goods carried by these ships (excluding smuggled and royal cargo) amounted to 22,300 xerafins: 1,500 for the Pedro galleon and 6,400 for the other. The former governor
Dom Pedro d'Alencastro sailed as flag officer on the largest ship, and
Francisco Rangel Cointo sailed as captain on the other ship to
Portugal.
In February, 1 galleon and 1 smaller ship departed for
Portugal.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1246 / 1505
The Dutch controlled several locations in the region, though some inhabitants remained under Spanish rule. People from places like Cernatanen, Mackianesz, Montyresen, and Batsianesen, as well as inhabitants from the mainland coast of
Gillolo, sided with the Dutch. The island
Motix had been brought under Dutch control by order of Admiral
van Caerden, following
Ariaen Clemenssz, who served as captain.
Clemenssz's son had been beheaded by 3 Germans from
Tidore. The inhabitants of
Motix had been scattered and destroyed, so the Dutch relocated many people from
Ternate there, along with all inhabitants from a place called
Gane. In total, about 2,000 souls now lived on the island. Because they had just been relocated and found the land very barren, and because they were used to strengthen and protect the settlement, they only harvested about 50 or 60 barrels of cloves on one side of the land. Within 3 or 4 months, they expected to harvest much more during the next monsoon season, hoping to send a good supply of cloves home, along with what was still being gathered on
Mackian, which was estimated at 5 or 6 hundred barrels, though the inhabitants claimed it would be more.
The fort called
Nassau was now complete. Its bastions had been completely covered with lime and stone, so they need not fear enemy attacks. The island
Mackian was also provided with fortifications. To avoid great repair costs, these had not yet been completely covered with stone and lime, but this work was now being undertaken at all locations and was expected to be completed within 6 months. The inhabitants of the island helped by providing lime and stone.
Regarding governance, since Admiral
van Caerden's second unfortunate imprisonment (who would have served well due to his good experience in governance and his ability to maintain authority), no effective leadership structure had been established. On
9 January 1601, the writer noted that everyone in authority disagreed with each other. Some wanted supreme rule to remain entirely with the people of
Ternate, who had willingly placed it in Dutch hands, not trusting themselves with it. Others wanted a system like in
Bantam and other places. The writer felt it was unnecessary to deceive these people, as they were clever enough and not as simple as one might think. They knew why they had called for Dutch assistance: namely, for the war they had against the Spanish and Portuguese. They feared the people of
Tidore, who had always been loyal to the Spanish and Portuguese, would rise above the people of
Ternate. The people of
Tidore felt the same way against the Dutch and the people of
Ternate, so the peace requests from these 2 nations were nothing but deception.
The inhabitants were also sufficiently governed by Malays and Javanese, so adding Dutch governance was unnecessary. Since customs could not be applied everywhere in the same way, as lands had different characteristics and inhabitants had diverse temperaments and conditions, it was best to adapt governance as much as possible. The main principle was not to wrong these people or allow wrongs to happen to them, not to demand anything unreasonable from them, and especially not to interfere with their religion in the slightest. These had been the main causes of the Portuguese downfall in these regions. One could make as many agreements with these people as desired, but they would not have much value since they did not want to keep all their promises unless brought to it with polite authority. Flattering governance had proven harmful there.
The people of
Ternate and those nearby could be counted among the most warlike nations in the world. They could endure proper authority founded in reason very well, which the writer had experienced on various occasions while on expeditions with people from
Ternate and
Mackian and while working with them on fortifications in different places. They were very accepting of European ways of war. Everything they did aimed at worldly honor, making them very similar to the Romans. They would often rather die than endure what they
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1053 / 0977
- 15 May 1600: The Dutch reported they had almost no medicine left because they had only received supplies from Admiral van Caerden that were worth mentioning.
- They had received no wine, arak (a strong alcoholic drink), oil, bacon, or meat for over 7 months, and even before that they had been completely without such supplies on several trips, even though proper obedience and order were maintained there.
- The situation was very bad for them compared to Banda and Ambon, where everything could be obtained more easily. Those places had also been better supplied with food, ammunition, and war supplies from the ships and from Bantam than the Dutch location, even though such supplies were not as necessary there as they were where the Dutch were.
- The Dutch noticed from some people that the Moluccas were not held in as high regard as they should be. This was partly shown by the orders given on Banda to Bantam, which only recommended and ordered that Banda itself be supplied, without even thinking about the Dutch locations.
- This had been followed so carefully that none of the yachts sent from the Dutch location to Bantam had returned, so everyone looked out for themselves there and no one tried to return to the Moluccas.
- The messengers of this letter could give a good report to the Honourable Lords about all this, since they had witnessed everything there with the Dutch for 18 months, during which time they had also experienced worries.
- The Dutch explained how highly the Moluccas should be valued based on present findings: on the island of Makian alone, over 1,500 barrels of cloves had been picked during this season, of which they now had about 1,100 barrels in hand. Due to a lack of cloth, they would obtain the rest more slowly.
- According to the inhabitants, they could produce up to 2,000 barrels, but time would tell. The Dutch would do their best to obtain everything.
- If they had been well supplied with cloth, they could have known exactly by now what this island could produce in cloves and could have advised the Honourable Lords about it. They had several means to achieve this, but it would now take longer and still be uncertain, because the inhabitants were not very willing to sell their cloves for cash, which was also not as profitable for the Company.
- Those who had traded the cloth for money against such a season had done badly. The cloth had mostly been borrowed from the office of Makian, which was a great disappointment to those who would have preferred to see it otherwise and were sure that enough could be obtained in time if they were abundantly supplied with everything.
- If they only gave the inhabitants cloth on credit for the coming season and kept it in storage without selling anything for money (which they should still start doing in time), it would cause the clove picking to be started with more eagerness and care. On the contrary, when everything could be obtained for money, many put clove picking aside, it being enough for them to be able to get costly cloth. The people there seldom strove for great wealth.
- The Portuguese knew better than the Dutch how to handle these things. They used to supply these people with only as much cloth as they needed for maintenance, for which they received everything themselves. Several other reasons could be mentioned, which would be addressed at another opportunity.
- The Dutch also had to consider what was being done there by the King of Spain to drive them out. From the report of Captain Apollonius Schotte from the Honourable wise and prudent Lords of 9 January 1681 (written as 14), they learned about maintaining his places and allied Tidore, for which no labor, people, or costs were spared, without any other advantage or profit being enjoyed so far.
- In the writer's opinion (subject to better judgment), the Spanish clearly understood what was at stake in the outcome of the war there: namely, the entire state or well-being of the Indies for the
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1053 / 0975
On 2 July 1619, Jan Pietersz Coen, the Governor General, issued orders regarding ships. He instructed that 4 ships should go to Parany. The warehouses should be built 36 feet deep inside the houses, 15 feet wide for a gallery, 14 feet wide, and the top of the house should be high enough so there could be suitable living space above the warehouse, just like the old house of Jaccatra, being about 35 feet high in total.
All ships returning should sail directly to Jaccatra without stopping at Bantham, including all other ships currently in Manila or Japan. Friends were to be informed of this at the fort in Jaccatra.
Jan Pietersz Coen acted as Governor General over all forts, trading posts, ships, yachts, and trade in the Indies on behalf of the High and Mighty States General of the United Netherlands, His Princely Excellency Mauritius, born Prince of Orange, Count of Nassau, and the directors of the general chartered East India Company.
On 3 July 1619, Hendrick Jansz was appointed as Commander over the ships Den Engel, De Bergerboot, De Morgensterre, and De Jager, which were to sail to Jambij, Patana, and Japan. It was highly necessary to appoint a capable and qualified person to promote trade and to watch out for the English everywhere, to guard against them as the greatest enemies. If they encountered any English ships, they should use all force and effort to overpower them, either by force or by cunning, while treating any crew captured well. All money and goods should be properly registered and distributed to those entitled to them.
Hendrick Jansz was commissioned and authorized as Commander over the mentioned ships to command, maintain good order and discipline, administer justice in civil and criminal matters, and do everything a good and faithful Commander should do. All senior merchants, skippers, officers, and sailors were ordered to recognize, respect, and obey Hendrick Jansz as their Commander.
On 10 July 1619, instructions were given to Hendrick Bruijstersz, senior merchant, and the council of the ship Hoorn and the frigate Seijlon, sailing to Lucipara and Jambij. They were to sail as quickly as possible directly to Lucipara and anchor in the strait to intercept all junks sailing through the strait to Malacca or elsewhere. They should especially try to capture the junks from Macassar, Japara, Damma, and other areas under the Mataram ruler that might be sailing to Malacca with rice.
Instructions for dealing with different junks included:
- Any junk with rice should be stopped and the rice transferred to their ship until it was fully loaded. If more rice was captured than the ship and frigate could carry, the excess rice should be brought to Jaccatra with the junk.
- Junks from allies or those in friendship with them, specifically those from Patana, Siam, Thoor, Jambij, Suckedana, Cheribon, Grissij, Jortan, Surrabaija, and Palmban should be allowed to pass freely and unharmed. However, if
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1069 / 0249
On 6 July 1737, a young Puliyas boy arrived in the city of Cochin by boat. He lost control of his vessel and it was swept away by the current. Since he was unable to row against it, he and his boat drifted to the outermost area. He was rescued by fishermen and brought before the honorable Commander.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 2406 / 0755
On
5 June, a census was taken in the city of
Cochim of subjects of the Dutch East India Company and residents living west of the bridge of the bazaar
Cannarijn and on
Pagadinjo. The census was ordered by the authorities and was carried out by the kamiakkappel
Joan Rodrigus and the flag bearer of the lascorins
Manuel de Croes. The census listed the households of the Company's subjects living in these areas, organized according to their ancestry and rank. This took place in 1737.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 2406 / 0738
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