Transcriptions » Recently created summaries of historical documents

On May 31, 1742, Herios van Cesores, the French King's Ambassador, left Paris after congratulating the Emperor and Empress. The French Ministers Marquis de Bauvau and Bondel remained to represent French interests. Ministers met twice weekly on Mondays and Fridays.

The arrival of English troops in Flanders caused much discussion. Count Pappenheim, Imperial Marshal, arrived in the city by water. The Dominicans celebrated a victory in Bohemia with a Te Deum service, attended by the Imperial family.

Letters from Vienna reported victory over Prussian troops, who lost baggage and standards to the Hussars. Marshal de Belisle attacked Prince Lobkowitz, who retreated into a forest, abandoning Frauenberg. The Hessian Regiment of Donep exercised near Nuremberg, witnessed by the Emperor, Crown Prince, Prince of Fortenberg, Duchess de Belisle, and court officials.

Marquis de Mirepoix arrived with 5 postilions confirming the victory over Prince Lobkowitz's troops. Ministers wished to return to Regensburg where living costs were cheaper. The Emperor planned to move to Nuremberg to be closer to Prague.

On May 19, 1742, Prussian forces defeated Austrian troops. The Prussians had:

• 30 battalions of infantry
• 60 squadrons of cuirassiers and dragoons
• 10 squadrons of hussars

The Austrians had:

• 62 squadrons of cavalry
• 36 battalions of infantry
• Additional Croats, Hussars, and Rasiers

Austrian losses included 8,000 dead, roughly 8,000 wounded, 1,000 captured, 20 officers taken prisoner, and 18 cannons seized. A celebratory Te Deum was held with music and trumpets. On May 27, 1742, Mrs. Windsor, wife of Mr. Lestevenon, was buried in the French Lutheran Church with great ceremony, the burial plot costing over 1,200 guilders.

• 46 loads of rice
• 500 bars of sappanwood

• Captured a 20-load vessel belonging to Karaeng Sumanna of Makassar
• Learned about two other vessels owned by Karaeng Tello and Pria
• Discovered that Francisco Vieira's large 130-load ship had been stranded
• Burned Vieira's stranded ship, preventing the Portuguese from transporting their sandalwood that year

On July 3, ships were sent from Bantam. Two ships, Wapen van Amsterdam and Vlissingen, arrived safely, but ships Witte Leeuw and Bantam had misfortune at sea. Over 180 bags of cloves belonging to Portuguese traders were burned after the arrival of Governor-General Pieter Bott.

In April and May, English traders tried to establish a foothold in the region. The ship "Tomatie" arrived with trader Mr. Baelij, who tried but failed to establish trade. He went to Loehoe, where Kimmellaha Ticos promised him cloves and advised him to sail to Banda to get his companion Mr. Ball and the ship "Consordia" for more strength.

The people of Cambelle owed 97 Portuguese bags of cloves to the Company. They had been at war with Hitto for 4 years. Against previous agreements, they decided to side with the English, breaking the contract from February that stated they would only sell cloves to the Dutch at 60 reals per bag (550 Dutch pounds).

Merchant Salomon Cats reported that Bandonese traders came to the trading post making unreasonable demands. This led to conflicts, and when Governor visited Cambelle, the situation escalated into armed conflict with shooting between the ships and the fort. The English briefly planted their flag but were forced to remove it under threat from Dutch ships.

This historical document from the Dutch Republic covers various topics from the early modern period. Prince Maurice of Orange was appointed as governor of Groningen and the Ommelanden in 1620. He also became governor of Wedde and Westerwoldingerlandt.

The text discusses numerous neutrality agreements for different cities and regions, including:

• Deutecom and Lochem
• Aachen
• Cleve
• Münster
• Sedan

A significant portion deals with the East India Company (OostIndische Compagnie). There were disputes between the Dutch and English East India Companies, including issues about:

• Ships being detained in England
• Financial matters, including six million in debt
• Trading rights and compensation for a burned ship called the White Lion
• Negotiations between both companies

The document also mentions various patents (octroijen) granted for inventions, including:

• Water mills
• Ship building techniques
• Making gold leather
• Compass and pump making
• New methods of draining water

The text concludes with matters concerning Overijssel, including military matters, tax contributions, and negotiations about increasing their financial quota.

On February 23, 1621, the government discussed protecting waterways inside and outside Downs with ships, with help from Opdam, Lieutenant Admiral. Before making final decisions, they wanted advice from His Excellency about dividing the ships.

The Admiralty College in Hoorn or Enkhuizen was ordered to only hire ships and crew on monthly contracts, like other Admiralty Colleges did. This would ensure consistency in ship service and crew payments.

They discussed writing to the King of Great Britain about the Archbishop position of Bremen, which involved the King of Denmark. They wanted His Excellency's advice on this matter.

The East India Company requested advice about compensation for their burned ship "White Lion" in the East Indies. This matter would be handled by the King of Great Britain and Dutch authorities.

The following officials were appointed to judge prisoners:

• Henrick van Essen
• Johan Kelffken, doctor of law
• Councilor Staets

They decided to station guard ships with proper sloops from Steenbergen to various rivers including the Meuse, Waal, and Rhine. Ships would have at least 30 crew members, and those on the IJssel would have 24. The setup would follow the 1607 arrangement for guarding Flemish ports.

All Admiralty Colleges were ordered to prepare their ships and equipment before April 1, 1621, especially for guarding the Flemish coast, to prevent enemy attacks and protect trade.

In the region of the Moluccas, problems arose when Adriaen Block Mertersz, the Commander, learned about tragic events in Bantam. The Pangeran (local ruler) of Bantam had violently destroyed and burned down their trading house, causing considerable damage. There were also issues with incompetent leadership, as some officials were described as weak rulers prone to drinking. Due to these disorders, it was decided that presence was urgently needed in Bantam. To maintain order in the Moluccas, Laurens Raell was appointed Vice Governor over the Moluccas, Amboyna, and Banda. Ghijsbrecht van Viaren from Utrecht was made Lieutenant Governor and Captain of Maguian. On March 7, they sailed from Marieke to Maguian, and then to Banda, arriving on March 16 after facing dangerous conditions. In Banda, they found the ships Rotterdam and a vessel from Enkhuizen. The Rotterdam had loaded 1,000 coconuts and 380 loads of nutmeg, along with cloves from Amboyna. The situation in Banda was unstable. The garrison was unhappy because they had to provide their own food. They demanded 2 months' wages before agreeing to this arrangement. Some soldiers had deserted to the Bandanese, converting to Islam and getting circumcised. Four young soldiers were hanged for plotting to defect. Hendrick Dosden, a skilled military officer from Enkhuizen, arrived with two ensigns but wasn't promoted to Captain because he had accepted unauthorized payments. The Bandanese were neither friendly nor hostile at this time, though they would sell spices and fruits at the fort. When asked to return two Dutch deserters according to a previous agreement, they refused, claiming God had sent them the deserters.

In 1665, Jan Gijseling from Ghent arrived in Batavia. He worked for someone named Arie and sailed to Malacca. Their vessel wrecked near Poelo Tijmon. They found a Malay vessel heading to Siam, but ended up in Pipelij near Tanasserij, where Gijseling worked for English traders.

Two sailors, Jan Jansz from Willemstadt and Arent Jacobsz from Dergouw, came to Binnelepat on their own and will be sent to Batavia with Nieuwenhoven. Marinus Jacobsz let his ship drift to Ceylon in October. On December 2, 1666, he was sentenced to work in chains for one year.

The ship "Pauw" arrived in the Swriangh river on October 9 and departed on December 17. It transported various goods worth ƒ156,195, including:

• 6,411 pounds of tin
• 2,580 pounds of lead
• 2,187¾ pounds of cardamom
• 1,578 pounds of wax
• 26,483½ pounds of elephant tusks
• 438 rubies (including 16 cut ones) worth ƒ13,414

Trade in Pegu continued as before, with the "Pauw" earning about 15,000 guilders in freight. They expect to close the books with 150,000 guilders profit. The merchant Van Vosch bought rubies in Ava through a Moorish trader, but in Masulipatnam these gems were judged to be worth less than half their purchase price.

On February 1623, news arrived about two ships being lost: the ship Banda was wrecked entering Texel, and the White Lion caught fire near St. Helena while fighting two Spanish ships. This was a significant loss for the East India Company.

In Bantam, the trading post was burned down and rebuilt, but remained at risk of burning again. The pangran (local ruler) of Bantam appeared to distrust the Dutch, fearing their trading post might become a fortress. The Chinese were now allowed to build stone houses in Bantam to protect against fires.

The Company was planning operations in Louhou and Cambello. The English were expected to arrive with ships to trade there. The Dutch needed galleons and rowing vessels but lacked the shipwrights to build them. Suggested locations for building these vessels included Kei, Aru, Succadana, and Bansarmassin.

The Chinese in Bantam were expecting 7 or 8 valuable cargo ships. Money was needed at all trading posts in the Indies to take advantage of trading opportunities. Governor General Both and Steven van der Hagen were working to ensure good returns for the East India Company.

The letter was written in Bantam on November 10, 1614.

On December 5, 1612, Peter Segers wrote from Bantam about various events. A devastating fire had broken out in the marketplace near the trading post, caused by gunpowder. The head official, Mateo Copeels, was badly burned on his face, hands, and feet, and was bedridden for three weeks.

The Governor had orchestrated the fire and had six men from the trading post murdered. This violence stemmed from a lack of customary gift-giving since the Governor's departure to the Moluccas. The local Moors insisted on maintaining the old tradition of receiving gifts.

The writer suggests it is crucial to establish a fortress in the Indies because of Spanish intentions during the truce. He explains that:

• The Castilians are focused on the Moluccas, Ambon, and Banda islands
• The Portuguese could easily attack trading posts in Gresik, Bantam, Johor, and Patani
• Local posts with only 20 men cannot defend themselves
• The Moors might surrender Dutch personnel to the Portuguese out of fear

He recommends establishing a base at either Pulo Condor, Johor, or another suitable location. The letter mentions three ships from Amsterdam and Vlissingen that had a good pepper harvest, though better prices could have been obtained with advance notice. The writer also requests payment of 300 guilders to his mother and 45 rix-dollars to Dirrick Piterse Calff from his wages.

In Batavia on 28 March 1667, a ship named 'white lion' departed on 25 January carrying cargo worth 44,010 guilders. Until 2 March, they waited for Japanese and Malacca traders, who finally arrived via Paliacatta and Masulipatnam with cargo worth 472,331 guilders, including 122 boxes of Japanese silver and 800 boxes of copper.

News arrived about a great victory in Europe against the English on 11-14 June of the previous year. This was particularly satisfying because the English had earlier celebrated as if they had won, claiming they had:

• Blocked Dutch ships in their harbors
• Sent 20 ships to capture Malacca

On 16 January, reports from Masulipatnam mentioned 20 English and Portuguese ships had been spotted in the Malacca Strait around 16-18 September. Later communications arrived from various locations:

• Japan on 18 October
• Malacca on 15 December
• Paliacatta on 4 February
• Masulipatnam on 18 February

On 11 February, a ship belonging to citizen Jan Schouten arrived. The deceased assistant Arent Croebeecq reported hearing from English chief Mr. Shem Bridiges in Bellasoor about Masulipatnam runners visiting their lodge on 11 January.

On August 3, a yacht called Hart from Rotterdam arrived with news. The ships White Lion and Bantam had met with accidents. General Reynst and his ships were expected with great anticipation because trading posts in Amboina, the Coromandel coast, Patani, Siam and the Moluccas were completely empty of money.

The English neighbors were trying to get valuable Moluccan and Amboinese goods. On September 20, they received a yacht from London and were expecting 5-6 more ships. They might try something in Amboina and Banda.

On September 2, the first pepper of the year was delivered. There were daily problems with Chinese merchants who usually tampered with it yearly. The ships from the provinces of Netherlands and Delft were being loaded and expected to be ready in 6 weeks. The ship Rotterdam left for the Moluccas at the end of April.

The ship Orange came from the Moluccas loaded with cloves, but after inspection was found unfit to sail around the Cape. Near Jacatra, the ship Banda's mast broke and fell overboard, killing two men and injuring two others.

The writer suffered from a severe hot fever while loading the Hart but was recovering. He notes that this is an unhealthy place for the Company in the Indies, considering it a great achievement to stay well for a month. He requests better wages, considering the unhealthy conditions in Java and the continuous work required, mentioning that he has already survived 4 fevers in a year while 3 others had died.

In Bantam on November 20, a council meeting was held in the trading post. They discussed the ship "Proventie" which was heading back to the homeland. Because ships from Governor Gent's fleet were encountered in the Strait of Sunda, they decided the Proventie should wait until Wednesday, November 24. The ship only had 2 ropes, which was not enough for the journey home. Since there was a suitable rope at the English trading post, they decided to purchase it.

Since Governor General Gent had not yet arrived and daily matters needed attention, Jaques l'Hermite de Jonge, merchant at the trading post, would call future council meetings. Heindrick van Westerech would also join these meetings.

Since the ships needed a large quantity of arrack (alcohol) and there was little stock in Jaratra, merchant Pieter Aelmern from the ship "White Lion" would go there to buy and distill as much as possible.

They also decided that while the ships were docked, they would serve chicken twice a week, with 3 chickens per group of 7 men, to save other ship provisions.

On November 22, 1610, another meeting was held. The English rope was inspected and approved for purchase. The ship Proventie, being low on meat and wine, would receive supplies from other ships: one barrel of meat and half a container of Spanish wine from the "Black Lion", half a container of wine from the "White Lion", and one barrel of meat from the ships "Orange" and "Vlissingen".

Three sailors from the "Great Sun" were allowed to return home on the Proventie, as they had served more than their one-year term. Due to problems with drunkenness, they decided to limit shore leave to only 4 or 5 men per ship per day, and only for necessary business.

• 6,378¼ pounds raw silk
• 5,032 pounds butter
• 1,960 sail cloths
• 2,295 pounds various oils
• 6,392 pounds opium
• 2,516 pounds sail and pack yarn
• 2,856 pounds wax
• 68,000 pounds saltpeter
• 5,032 pounds resin
• 10 pieces borax
• 2,200 pieces gunny sacks
• 248,506 pounds loose rice

• The White Lion (Witten leeuw), captained by Cornelis Kien, arrived from the Zealand chamber with 16 soldiers
• The Sampson, captained by Jan Claessen, arrived from Zealand with 32 soldiers
• The Chauras, captained by Reijnier Adriaensz, arrived from Amsterdam with soldiers
• The Jupiter, captained by Willem Pansen Boet, arrived from Amsterdam
• The Lioness (Leeuwinne), captained by Cornelis Jansz, arrived with 100 soldiers and cargo

• Wilhelm Negentoon became Lieutenant after Albert Htol's promotion
• Daniel de Staen was made Ensign
• Paulus Pieters Diccxhoorn was appointed Lieutenant of civilian forces on Antonio Vaz
• Willem Barentsz Jan Amesvoort became Ensign

• 1,000 guilders sent to Cabo
• Clothing for soldiers: 300 shirts, 300 pairs of shoes, 200 pairs of linen trousers, 100 pairs of stockings
• Spanish wines distributed to various outposts including Paraiba, Samarica, Porto do Salvo, Rio Grande, and Sermham

On February 13, a ship arrived in Amboina from Macassar carrying a Scottish-Portuguese trader named Wilherme George de Schorcia. He was born in Scotland and had been married in Goa for 27 years. He came from Malacca with various cloth goods to trade.

The Dutch authorities detained him outside the castle and seized his goods because they suspected him of being a spy rather than a regular merchant. They found a letter from Admiral Michel Soze de Pymantel of Goa mentioning secret letters from the King of Spain. De Schorcia was sent to the Governor General on the ship White Lion on April 4.

Two men from Malacca were also on the ship pretending to be Malays. One was named Lauwgeus Missita, who was identified as a spy for the Governor of Malacca. The local people of Hitu helped hide these men before they could be captured.

Captain of Hitu visited the castle in April and was treated well. He was given some helmets from the ship Banda.

On March 27, the ship Banda arrived with Commander Riael, bringing:

• 6 pairs of married soldiers
• A widower and widow
• 3 assistants: Willen Joosten Sol, Aert Gijssels, and Gerrit Jansz Haemer

In April, two Dutchmen were sent away: Wrouwter Sumonssen, who was banished to work at the castle for 3 years, and Heerben Thijbussen, a soldier from Groeningen. A black man named Anthoni Rodrugo, whose nose and ears had been cut off by the Portuguese, was also sent away.

In Masulipatam, Samuel-Kindt was given responsibilities by the Council. The Customs Officer of Surat reported about Company goods that belonged to the late David van Seijnsz.

At Paliacatta's Fort Geldria, justice was administered. Willem Herrington, a sailor, was hanged for crimes committed on the ship Der Goes. Michiel de Hammk and Francisco Jalavan, both soldiers, were executed by firing squad - Michiel for escaping the fortress at night and Francisco for allowing this while on guard duty.

An agreement was made with local leaders in Paliacatta allowing Dutch men to marry local women if the women converted to Christianity. Five marriages took place:

• Corn Claesz from Amsterdam, a soldier who sailed under Governor-General Peter de Both
• Reijnier Willems Bedaff from Gorsum, who sailed on the ship Orangien
• Thonis Jacobs from Mourbeeck, who sailed in 1607 under Admiral Peter Willemsz
• Jan Lubbertsz from Hasselt, who sailed in 1607
• Luijtgen Bruijns from Enkhuizen, who arrived in 1611 on the ship Bantam

More officers wanted to marry but lacked the required salary payment. A preacher was needed for the community. The last letter from Cornelis de Heda in Vijapur was dated January 22. He was highly regarded by the King of Vijapur and had requested a compass book, magnet, and pistols.

595 packages of indigo, cotton yarn, and cloth were shipped to the homeland via the ships Swarten Leeuw and Serveer. Another 896 packages were sent to the Moluccas, Java, and India, along with ropes, containers of butter, and nails.

On March 21, 1671, Jan Daniels, a merchant from Amsterdam, showed documents about a small ship he owned. The ship was captained by Henrick Thiessen from Hamburg in 1659. When coming from the Baltic Sea, it was ordered to Copenhagen by the King of Denmark. The captain was promised 303 riksdaler with 6% interest.

On March 25, 1671, Dirck Joppen Swart, a skipper from Rotterdam, commanded a ship called the White Lion. The ship was used by Johan de Witt, who was an ambassador to the Kings of Denmark and Poland, to transport his baggage, carriages, and horses. Swart requested payment for this service.

Coenraet van Heussen and Paul Griffon, citizens and merchants from Amsterdam, had an issue regarding their brandy shipments. This matter was discussed on March 25, 1671.

In Embden, there was a change in military command. Sjalling van Sixma was dismissed and replaced by Arent Ludolph van Gockinga as commander. This change was discussed on March 18, 1671, and further examined on March 25, 1671.

The States had been discussing military ranks between high and subordinate officers of the State's military since April 21, 1668. The Council of State formed an opinion after hearing from field marshals and other chief officers. This was expanded slightly and sent to the provinces on May 9, 1668, but the provinces did not fully agree on all points.

• Marquisate of Bergen op Zoom
• Barony of Breda
• Land of Cuijk

• The White Lion
• The Black Lion
• Vlissingen Orange
• The Goes
• Heilo
• The Bruck

• Pierre Margueriz from France, who was blinded in service, had his payment increased from 30 to 40 guilders
• Richard Wolston, an injured English soldier, received 12 guilders
• Gerard Dries, a citizen of Maastricht, was to receive 300 guilders for horses taken from him
• Salomon de Vogel, a citizen of Amsterdam, received permission to transport goods on the Rhine
• Barbara Bortriech, widow of Captain Sterling, received 50 guilders
• Jan Melis van Groeningen, a former Pioneer captain, was ordered to stay at the fort of Crèvecoeur for one year

In June a small English ship arrived in the Bellasoor river. The English have been quiet in trade, with two damaged ships in the docks at Bellazoor. The Dutch received 8 ships from Batavia for transporting cargo: the fluyt ships Sparrendam, Opperdoes, Cecilia, the Golden Lion, White Lion, and the yachts Zuylen, Vliegh, and fluyt Leerdam. The first three were destined for the homeland, and the last for sugar transport to Persia.

Two yachts, Purmerland and Lontsmeer, were sent from Batavia to Decca at the request of Nawab Cha-estachan to fight against the Arakanese. They arrived in the Settegam river. However, since the Persian king was reportedly marching to wage war against this monarch, most forces from Decca were recalled.

On the 15th, the fluyt Golden Lion was dispatched to Batavia with cargo including:

• 217,600 pounds of saltpeter
• 56,274¼ pounds of various silks
• Various textiles (armozines)
• 75,000 pounds of wheat
• 9,500 pounds of butter
• 4,080 pounds of opium

The total value of the cargo was 242,829 guilders. There are concerns about trade with Japan, which only yielded a 50% return the previous year. The company currently holds capital of 644,000 guilders in Cassumabazaar and Pattena. They received 62 chests of Japanese silver from Batavia to pay off interest debts.

On November 24, 1640, in Bantam, the ship Provintien encountered 4 ships from the fleet of Governor Pieter de Bott in the Strait of Sunda. These ships were the White Lion, Black Lion, Orange and Vlissingen.

The Governor and other ships had not appeared yet, as they were separated by storms near Cape of Good Hope. Some ships stopped at Madagascar and the Mayottes due to sick crew members. There were concerns about the Governor's ship's main mast being damaged.

The Governor's presence was urgently needed for several matters, especially sending a ship to the Coromandel Coast. Since all letters and instructions were sealed for the Governor, no decisions could be made in his absence.

On November 16, a boat arrived from Ambon with news about 4 ships that sailed to the Manila area with Admiral Wittert. Two ships, the Amsterdam and Valck, captured 12 Spanish vessels. The Arem was burned, while the Pauw and a boat escaped. Admiral Wittert was killed in battle.

Admiral van Caerden was captured for the second time in Ternate, along with the yacht Good Hope. The yacht Hasewin returned from Greece where business was reasonably good, though the merchant was very ill and mentally unfit for service.

The letter was signed by Jacq Gernnte de Jonghe.

On March 6, 1612, following a peace treaty with the Bandanese on August 20, Governor General Pieter Both left on September 8, 1611 with 3 ships and a sloop for Ambon and Ternate. Nicolaes Prins was appointed governor of both forts in Banda.

The forts were in poor condition with 8 breaches in the walls. They started rebuilding using limestone, making walls 6 feet thick at some points. The fort walls needed continuous repair as temporary fixes with coconut tree barriers only lasted 1.5-2 years.

The needs of the forts included:

• Blacksmiths with proper tools and coal supplies (local wood from nutmeg trees was unsuitable)
• Carpenters with tools to build houses and gun carriages
• Beams and planks for warehouses (local wood rotted within 3-4 years)
• Nails of all sizes
• Military supplies like fuses, shovels, and hoes
• Food supplies for soldiers who only had boiled rice, including:
  • Meat
  • Bacon
  • Wine
  • Oil
  • Vinegar
  • Bread
  • Brandy

Local coconut fiber fuses cost 1 real per 60 fathoms but were inferior to Dutch fuses costing 10 florins per hundred. Proper documentation was needed for all shipments as items often went missing.

On September 27, Claes Outgersz Smit, a ship's captain, died of flu and was replaced by Dirck Merts. On August 4, several ships arrived from the Moluccas with healthy crews. On October 7, another vessel arrived at Bantam carrying letters for Governor General Reijnst. The text describes two tragic events:

• The loss of the White Lion near St. Helena
• The loss of the costly ship Bantam near the homeland

• The head merchant died two months after departure
• 20 soldiers died near Madagascar
• Only 6 out of 27 soldiers survived
• 26 regular crew members died
• 3 crew members went missing near Samanca Bay, though 2 later returned

In Bengal, on November 6, ships carrying cargo worth 376,458 guilders were sent to Batavia. The ship Kaneelboom appears to have been wrecked, as pieces of a European ship washed up on the coast in December, including parts of an office containing letters. At Orixa on November 18, a severe storm caused 3 Moorish ships to sink. Similar storms at Masulipatnam had caused local ships to be stranded and broken.

Japanese and Malaccan reports indicated that Hoogkalpel and the small ship Vredenburg, which had sailed from Batavia via Tonquin to Japan, met with disaster. The Vredenburg, carrying cargo worth 120,000 guilders, caught fire near Siamon island and sank with 16 men, while 20 others escaped by boat to Lijgoor.

According to reports, chief Sivasji raided the city of Suratta again on October 13. The English, with about 100 white men, suffered an attack and lost 2 men. The French were in negotiations with Sivasji, and the Dutch and English also attempted negotiations but hadn't yet resolved the matter due to monetary demands. Although Sivasji withdrew from the city the day after the attack, there were still fears on October 16 of a second, more severe plundering.

The text also mentions good rainfall along the coast during this season, resulting in successful rice crops. Bengal had reasonable rice prices and was expected to supply Ceylon with grain that year through Moorish equipment.

On November 14, 1639, several important decisions were made about ships and military preparations. Ships were ordered to be loaded with sugar, including the ships White Lion, Prince Tertoolen, Lamb Hendrick, Unity, Hope, and others. The colonel was instructed to keep his garrisons ready, and Major Idiccard had to prepare his company. Sick troops were to be sent to Camarica.

Albert Gerritsz was ordered to speed up transport of supplies to Cape Francisco. Colonel Ionckers had to alert the Brazilians to be ready to move when ordered. Director Albertj was to secure supplies in Paraiba, while Commander Ernst van Bare and Commander P. van Bijler at Rio were told to stay alert.

The White Lion was ordered to keep provisions including:

• 521 barrels of meat
• 2 barrels of pork
• 15 barrels of Spanish wine

Two ships arrived: the Stockfish from Amsterdam (sailed July 26) and the Gout Kas from Groningen. The Gout Kas had been in a battle with three Turkish ships, losing its captain and 9 crew members.

Jacob Onziel and Harman Vlinck were appointed as commissioners of the private goods warehouse. The Sijara yacht was to be sent with letters to Commander Willem Corneliszoon, equipped with 4 guns and 12 muskets.

Francisco de Barros Reque, a prisoner from Rio Francisco, was to be sent to the West Indies on the next ship because of suspicious behavior and claims about his service to the king.

• Treasurers were ordered to pay 300 guilders to contractors for building work at fort de Bruijn, and another 300 guilders for stone wall construction at fort Ernestus.
• 2,000 guilders were allocated to local deacons for the poor.
• Joost van den Boogart was to receive 1,845 guilders and 6 stuivers for:
  • Linen cloth delivered on December 16, 1637
  • Two jackets
  • Additional linen delivered on February 2, 1638
• The yacht Zoijane arrived on the 4th from Cabo St. Augustij, carrying 168 beams for warehouse construction.
• Two chests of white sugar were purchased from Mattheo Ribeiro at 338 per arroba.
• Luciano Brandaon was to be paid 4,424 guilders for 27 chests of sugar, minus 750 guilders for a boat he received in 1638.
• Captain Jan Jacobs of the Pijrappel requested and received permission for extra bread for his journey to the homeland, to be deducted from his wages.
• The Chamber of Olinda presented complaints about new taxes on sugar transport and syrup tithes that had not existed before.