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In 1623, a Portuguese ship arrived from Manila, carrying 400 picols (a weight measurement) of Philippine caviari. An English ship, the Bretange, captained by Captain Schinnor, also arrived from Madras with painted fabrics and other goods. These goods were valued by Swors, the local trade agents, at 18 pagodas (a currency) or 600 cattis (another weight measurement) of Siamese silver coins, equal to 36 ørd:s (a currency unit).

The English had to accept payment in 18 debhaer (a weight unit) of 354 lb of Thai tin and elephant tusks due to a lack of better options. This trade was seen as profitable, encouraging more English ships to sail to India in the future, which would benefit the Dutch East India Company (VOC).

Additionally, 9 ships were sent to India, Ligor, and Junkceylon (Songkhla)—8 from China and 1 from Batavia. The Chinese ships carried various Chinese goods, while the ship from Batavia transported other unspecified items.

In 1726, a financial report from the Dutch East India Company (VOC) offices in Siam (modern-day Thailand) showed that expenses had exceeded profits at two key trading posts: Judja (likely Ayutthaya) and its subordinate office in Ligor (modern Nakhon Si Thammarat). The total loss for that year was 19,050 guilders and 18 stuivers, which was 2,581 guilders and 18 stuivers worse than the previous year’s loss of 16,168 guilders and 6 stuivers.

• The main reason for the increased loss was a drop in profits by 5,949 guilders and 10 stuivers. This happened because the VOC employees in Siam had not received enough clothing and fabrics to trade in 1726, unlike in previous years. Poor planning was blamed for this shortage.
• Despite the losses, overall operating costs were actually 990 guilders and 12 stuivers lower than the year before, when expenses had totaled 29,569 guilders and 8 stuivers.
• The report also mentioned that foreign ships (non-VOC) had been active in Siam during 1726, which may have affected trade.

In October 1726, records showed that a high-ranking official owed the Dutch East India Company (VOC) a large debt. This debt included cash, tin, and sapwood, totaling 467 catties, 15 taels, 159 mas (or ƒ67,363.20). The debt had grown over time due to new deliveries and other transactions, with some payments reducing it. Officials promised to provide an updated report when the previous leader left.

By October 1726, there was a stockpile of 2,100 piculs of sapwood in Judja (likely a location in Asia), which the VOC planned to transport using 3 large ships in 1727. Earlier, on August 11, 1726, officials had requested help to reduce the debt by transferring sapwood debts to cash or tin accounts. Since the VOC already had a large stockpile of 2,103,362 pounds of sapwood in Judja as of October 1726, they asked permission to ship out 3 large loads that year for practical and financial reasons.

The text discusses a trade issue involving the Dutch East India Company (E: Comp:) in 1726.

• The company's employees rejected a shipment of Bengali fabrics (zanen bengaals) because they were coarser, shorter, and narrower than the agreed samples from previous years.
• Other fabrics and clothes (lijwaten en Cleden) were accepted at the usual contract prices.
• The employees believed the rejected Bengali fabrics might still be accepted by the local ruler’s (‘s vorsten) agents.
• A person named Berquelang was responsible for comparing the accounts and reporting to the ruler’s officials by the end of August 1726.

In 1726, a report detailed the loss from minting silver coins. The following key points were noted:

• A shipment of 28 chests of silver, weighing a total of 10,571 marks, 11 ounces, and 10 Engels, was processed.
• The declared value of the silver was ƒ340,326.18 (guilders).
• A loss of ƒ39,811.6 was recorded during minting, which was about 11.375% of the total value.
• This loss was slightly less than the loss recorded in 1724 for a similar minting process.
• The report acknowledged that, despite efforts to reduce losses ("redressen" or corrections), such losses were an ongoing burden.
• This burden was expected to continue affecting the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in its trade with Siam (modern-day Thailand).
• The document also briefly mentioned a "Korte Aanwising der Middelen" (Short Indication of Means) regarding income, though no further details were provided.

Officials requested another loan from the ruler (since they had already lent 200 cattis in cash earlier). The ruler appeared to understand the reasons immediately but seemed to reject the request to push the officials to hand over their silver to the mint as a last resort.

This approach forced them to proceed in this manner to keep trade and daily household activities running smoothly in Judja and Ligor.

In 1725 and 1726, officials tried to exchange Dutch silver for local currency in Siam (modern-day Thailand). They offered a total of 28 chests of silver, proposing a rate of 8 Siamese ticals per cattij (a weight unit) as the minting fee.

The local mint masters, however, refused this offer. They demanded at least 10 ticals per cattij instead. Because of this disagreement, the officials decided to:

• Ask for further instructions before proceeding with the exchange.
• Find temporary solutions to their urgent money problems.
• Prepare a short overview of possible income sources.

The situation in Ligor and Junkceylon (Phuket) appeared peaceful. Letters from Berquelang, along with gifts, confirmed this peace. The Dutch had informed the local ruler about their new leader, Imel Christiaan Cock, in a respectful letter dated December 5, 1726.

• Dutch officials at the Siamese court had recently sent their usual letters and gifts to the ruler of Junkceylon.
• During the gift-giving, they officially announced the appointment and arrival of Imel Christiaan Cock as the new Dutch leader in Siam.

• In 1727, officials linked to the Comptoir Ligoor (a trading post) were urged to seriously consider purchasing gold.
• The previous year’s silver bars, along with newly supplied ones, had still not been minted into Siamese ticals (currency).
• Reasons for the delay in minting would be explained later in the document.
• Siamese officials claimed that because the silver from the previous year hadn’t been minted, Ligoor couldn’t send the needed cash.
• It was expected that this issue would be addressed between January and February 1727.
• The document also referenced a received summary of income sources, titled Korte Aanwising der Middelen inkomst ften.

• The text discusses a financial decision to invest a capital of 2:a in gold.
• Officials planned to buy gold that was inspected and found to be of good quality.
• The capital for this purchase would come from extra funds not needed for regular trade or household expenses, taken from the judicial cash register (judicase cas).
• Employees expected this investment to have very good results, though they acknowledged the need to wait and see over time.
• A previous order, sent in a letter dated 11 August, was only received on 5 October.
• The short timeframe before the departure of multiple ships (veelm:r twee bodems) limited how quickly they could act on the order.

• On 5 December, a decision was made regarding trade in Siam (modern-day Thailand).
• Officials were instructed to negotiate carefully with merchants arriving in Ligor (modern-day Nakhon Si Thammarat) from China and elsewhere.
• The goal was to trade at a rate of 16 ticals (a currency unit) per bhaar (a weight unit) or higher if possible.
• They were also tasked with selling a shipment of minerals held in Judja (likely Ayutthaya) as quickly as possible.
• Additionally, they were to manage the capital from these sales as requested.
• The document references a summary of financial methods and income sources, labeled as item 261.

In this document, the government expressed concerns about negotiations not going as planned. They felt that their requests were not being taken seriously, especially regarding protection against theft and attacks by robbers. Reports from officials indicated that Siam had recently faced significant disturbances, which went against what the government had expected.

The government decided to approve the latest actions taken by their officials but planned to criticize them for their earlier careless behavior in a follow-up message. Additionally, the document mentioned that the head official in Ligoor had, according to a letter from the Indian Council, failed to follow orders previously sent in a general letter from Batavia.

On 11 August and again in a general letter dated 5 December 1726, officials seemed to have misunderstood instructions. Instead of keeping the entire shipment for sale, they took 250 barrels of fish (called "thin") on behalf of the government as partial payment for taxes (instead of money). These barrels were unloaded from ships at the port of Judja and divided among three locations for transport to main ports: Risdam, Koning Karel (King Charles), and Velserhoofd.

The remaining 300 barrels were stored at the trading office in Judja for sale, rather than being sent to the sea warehouse in Amsterdam as originally instructed in the guidelines (articles 261).

• 250 bales were used to reduce the king’s debt to the East India Company.
• 300 bales were traded at local trading posts.

On August 31, a letter announced that Resident Isaac Cleman had officially started his new role as the resident in Ligor (now Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand). This followed his appointment, which was first shared in a general letter on December 5 of the previous year.

The letter also confirmed that Cleman had received from the newly elected Siamese leader, Tmel Christiaan Kock, the proper transfer of all cash and goods stored in the Ligor office as of August 31 of the previous year. Additionally, Cleman was given a short memo with instructions on how to manage the local finances and revenues.

• The ships Velserhoofd and others traveled via Ligor, while the sloop Ligor went via Jambi.
• They arrived at the port of Judja on the following dates:
  • 4 August
  • 4 September
  • 28 September
  • 5 October
• The authorities confirmed that all ships properly reported their cargo.
• The ship Coning Carel sent goods to the main location, including:
  • Sappanwood
  • Tin
  • Candied ginger
  • Other items
• The total value of goods sent by Coning Carel was ƒ32,218, 11 stuivers, and 8 pennies.
• The ship Risdam sent goods worth ƒ26,210, 15 stuivers.

On an unspecified date, officials received a letter from King Charles expressing his concern that local authorities had been forced to let a ship drift due to wind and sea conditions. As a result, the ship had to sail to Ligoor or another nearby roadstead (anchorage) and anchor there as best as possible. Authorities hoped for the best outcome in this situation.

Meanwhile, another letter from King Charles was received, along with routine documents sent by the chief council of Judja (likely Judah, a historical region). These papers were dated 29 November and included a brief overview of financial resources and revenues totaling 261 (likely a monetary unit or record reference).

• The trading post in Ambon did not receive the expected goods from the ship Langerak.
• They could not send the proper documents for the trade and pay records.
• From the Langerak, only the following were received:
  • 23,912 pounds of black pepper
  • 134 and 5/8 reales (gold coins), totaling a value of 7,808 guilders and 12 stuivers (according to the bill of lading and invoice).
• More details could be found in a letter recorded in the East Indies Letter Book, which they respectfully referred to.
• The text then moved on to discuss the topic of Siam (modern-day Thailand).

The ship Coning Carel, accompanied by the Risdam, arrived after sailing with a convoy. They had traveled from Siam (modern-day Thailand) to Batavia (modern-day Jakarta, Indonesia).

• The Coning Carel left Judias Rheede (a coastal area in India) on 29 November and reached Batavia on 15 January.
• The journey was difficult due to strong winds and rough seas near Point Timao (likely near Timor).
• Both ships were old and leaked badly because of the harsh weather.

• The ships had taken in a lot of seawater, despite efforts to pump it out and throw it overboard with buckets.
• At times, the water rose by 4 feet or more, especially when the weather worsened.
• The ship Risdam was in this dangerous state at a latitude between 8 and 9 degrees north.
• On December 31, Risdam had lost sight of the fleet.
• The crew feared the ship might be overwhelmed by the incoming water.

On an unspecified Wednesday, no major events occurred, but reports circulated about private English traders Aueu and Vettu.

• On November 20, exchanged letters were discovered between officials on Sumatra’s West Coast and Berg-Hopman Nicolaas Mettenius in Sillida. These letters discussed the mining operations and ongoing negotiations there.
• On November 21, a copy of a declaration was made by six miners and a blacksmith currently at the Sillida gold mine. They complained about the harsh treatment they endured from Mettenius.
• On November 22, a list was recorded of the mining tools and other supplies that Mettenius had demanded from officials in Padang for use at the Sillida gold mine.

On July 21, 1722, the English private traders Mallieurs Arei en Vettij reported expenses totaling 3,001 guilders for wages and allowances paid to the Dutch East India Company (VOC) employees during the Palembang and Jambi missions.

In a letter dated May 8, 1722, Abraham Patrasen, a VOC commissioner and advisor in Palembang, informed the high government in Batavia that the well-known rebel Mancoboemij had fled to the inland regions of Palembang as soon as the VOC forces began their advance.

On 18 January 1733, a ship named Sra de Bon Soseso, captained by Cra, arrived in Batavia from Macau. The ship carried information about the trade and handling of European ships in that region.

• On 29 January 1733, the church council of Batavia sent a sealed letter to the Classicale Assembly in Amsterdam.
• On 30 January 1733, Commissaris Patras Abraham submitted a report to the Governor-General and the Councils of the Indies in Batavia, detailing the work done by his commission.

• On an unspecified Wednesday, no major events occurred in Bassoura (Basra).
• A debt acknowledgment was recorded for two individuals, mellieurs Areis and vettu, on November 26, 1726, involving a loan of 49 co (a currency unit) granted by the factors (agents) of the Siamese court to the Dutch East India Company (E Comp) on October 10, 1726.
• On November 27, 1726, a translated Malay letter was presented to the Governor-General and Council of the Indies in Batavia. The letter, written by Daing Marewa under the title Kalanad Jaja Poetra, was delivered by the ship captain (nachoda) Tobal on December 10, 1726.
• On December 21, 1726, the Sabandhar (harbor master) Fredrik Lokman reported information shared by the Portuguese Captain Johan Baptista Montero, involving a sum of 1 ƒ (guilder).

On 14 March 1727, ship captain Hendrik Schoon and bookkeeper Barent Holscher provided a written account explaining the loss of the ship Risdam during its return voyage from Siam (modern-day Thailand) to the Dutch headquarters in Batavia (modern-day Jakarta).

On 25 November 1726, several senior and junior officers aboard the ship Coning Carel gave a statement about their journey alongside the Risdam from Siam back to Dutch territory.

The documents also mention a treaty signed between the Dutch East India Company (VOC) and the King of Siam on 15 October 1726, including his official letter of approval.