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Fully AI-GeneratedUsers of Open Archives can have summaries generated from the recognized texts (transcriptions) produced through text recognition (OCR) and handwriting recognition (HTR). Neither of these artificial intelligence tasks is perfect, but they are often more than sufficient to make the historical document understandable. In the transcripts, names are underlined in green and clickable (to search the personal entries on Open Archives for the name in question), the recognized dates have a light gray background and recognized place names have a light purple background. The results of the application of (European) artificial intelligence have not been verified by a human.


In Amboina on June 12, 1729, coffee production declined due to lower prices. The natives were voluntarily delivering the coffee without much encouragement. Indigo from Amboina was of good quality, and mother-of-pearl was delivered for the first time, with a quantity of 1,272 pounds or 10 1/12 picols. Free citizens were encouraged to search for these shells.

A document signed by van Bokland in Victoria, Amboina on June 1739 lists required spices and trade goods. The document mentions:

The document was signed by G. v B. v. Blokland in Amboina Victoria on June 7, 1739. It also includes a provisional request for funds, trade goods, and provisions needed for the province of Amboina for the year 1740, to be approved by Governor-General Adriaan Valckenier and the Council of the Dutch East Indies in Batavia.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 2464 / 0640  


In 1729, a report discussed pearl shell collection problems in Ambon. Local leaders unanimously declared they couldn't meet delivery requirements. The shells were becoming impossible to find on their beaches. A standard inspection of measures and weights was performed twice, following the proclamation of May 4.

In 1328-1329, there was a smuggling incident involving Abraham Tenoe and his wife Maria Bauwan. They were charged by the fiscal officer before the land council for taking possession of someone else's plantation and stealing 51 units of cloves that weren't delivered to the company.

The ministers requested printed copies of regulations in both Malay and Dutch languages to be posted annually. However, this was deemed impossible to implement at the time. This was related to an earlier decision about clove trading from December 9, 1716.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 2173 / 0049  


A report dated June 12, 1739 from Amboina describes various trade activities. The coffee production decreased due to lower prices, with the locals neglecting the trees. Indigo deliveries were expected in September, though the crop wasn't thriving well. Pearl oyster shells were harvested for the first time, yielding 1,212 pounds, and efforts would be made to encourage free citizens to collect more shells.

The document, signed by G. V. R. V. Blokland at Amboina Victoria on June 7, 1739, includes orders for various goods. These include:

For the upcoming year 1740, a provisional request was made to Batavia, addressed to Governor-General Adriaan Valckenier and the Council of the Dutch East Indies, for the following items:

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 7913 / 0518  


This text describes indigenous crafts and natural products from the Dutch East Indies. The museum displayed 32 common animal species and their products, including sea cucumbers, turtle shells, mother-of-pearl, edible bird's nests, buffalo hides and horns, snakeskins, and bird feathers.

In Ambon, local women made artificial flowers from feathers that were superior to European factory products. Beautiful bird feathers from New Guinea, Halmaheira and other eastern islands were valuable trade items. Rhinoceros horn was highly valued by natives as an antidote for snake venom.

The text describes various indigenous crafts:

The text also details textile production, noting that indigenous cotton sarongs, though more expensive than European versions, had better colors and showed more artistic originality. The finest sarongs came from Surakarta. The natives excelled at weaving and used materials like cotton, silk, pineapple fiber, and Manila hemp. They were also skilled at making items from bamboo, rattan, and palm leaves.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 2.10.02 / 3675 / 0771  


According to the text, in 1894, there was growing concern about bird hunting in New Guinea. Hunters employed by merchants in Ternate were killing large numbers of birds, especially paradise birds, for their skins which fetched high prices in European markets.

L. Tortes Fonnet, himself a feather importer, warned about this destruction in a speech to the French National Acclimatization Society on April 6, 1894. He noted that in the Moluccas and New Guinea, paradise birds and other species were being heavily hunted. In German New Guinea, protection laws came into effect on January 1, 1892, requiring special permits for hunting these birds.

The text identifies several problems:

Bird skins were being shipped from Banda, Ternate, and Macassar to European markets, particularly Paris and London. Prices varied greatly, with shipping crates worth between 300 and 5,000 guilders. Competition between traders had driven prices up significantly, which only encouraged more hunting.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 2.10.02 / 5208 / 0172  


In September, English ships were spotted near Saonek. Their captain had gone to Moemos on Waigeoe and returned with the Raja of Waigeoe. On October 12, they reached Moemos on Waigeoe. The Raja of Waigeoe, dressed formally in black coat, white pants, white vest, and shoes, came aboard and reported that in mid-September, English schooners had requested permission to fish for pearl shells for 14 days as a trial.

The English promised to return in 2-3 months to make a contract if the harvest was good. The Raja agreed but with conditions:

The English captain claimed he had asked the resident of Ternate for permission. During their 14-day trial, the English collected 64.5 picols of shells and gave 6.5 picols to the Raja as payment. The Raja sold these shells for 170 per picol to Maijmond Kelly and a Chinese supercargo from the Ternate ship owned by Oan Swée. The English captain gave the Raja a letter to send to Ternate, but it was taken by the controller. The local people only fish for pearl shells in shallow waters during good monsoon seasons with quarter moons when there isn't too much current.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 2.10.02 / 6506 / 0083  


Between 1829 and 1876, customs records from the department of Ternate show various exported goods and their values. The following items were traded:

The records detail both the value of these goods and the customs duties collected on them. The values and duties fluctuated significantly throughout this period, with birds of paradise being one of the more valuable exports, reaching values of up to 8,224 units of currency in some years.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 2.10.02 / 5819 / 0689  


On September 10, 1732 in Ternate, officials discussed a copy report and invoice. They expected resident Heijmans to show more enthusiasm in collecting horn and pearl shells at 15 Rixdollars per picol, even if it cost more. They also wanted as much wax as possible since supplies were running low. They were pleased about the promising grain delivery and harvest, hoping it would succeed with God's blessing.

On June 10, 1734, from Castle Orange in Ternate, Johannes Bernard (extraordinary council member of India) became commissioner of the Moluccas on May 6 of that year, along with Paulus Rauwenhof who replaced Governor Elias de Haeze. A detailed report was written by merchant Cornelis Backer about a commission along Celebes' northwest coast.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 2313 / 1544  


In Ternate and its territories, W. Lucas received permission on an undetermined date to fish for pearl shells, mother of pearl shells, and sea cucumber in the territorial waters of the Obi group (including the Pelck and Lawin islands). Reports detail: The text also mentions reports about Civil Public Works and the Post Office Savings Bank.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 2.10.02 / 9154 / 0092  


In Frederik Hendrik Island and surrounding areas during a naval expedition in November-December, smoke was observed rising from the land. On November 14th, a group of native people approached the ship in a hollowed-out tree trunk, using bamboo as paddles. They were naked except for shells covering their private parts, and had red feathers across their shoulders. They appeared to come from inland, north of the islands in the strait. An indigenous writer named Arixin provided them with items they appreciated. Their use of the word "stova" suggested previous European contact. Although they promised to return, they never did. This was the only contact with local population during the stay in Marianne Strait. The area appeared largely uninhabited, with creeks that dried up at low tide. No suitable settlement point was found. On November 22nd, two European crew members suffering from beriberi had to be evacuated to Amboina. The ship arrived in Amboina on November 25th. After evacuating the sick, they departed and anchored at Dobo on December 2nd. From December 7th to December 20th, the expedition stayed on the south coast. They had frequent friendly contact with natives, trading items like knives for pigs. Women and children eventually visited the ship. The observations matched earlier descriptions made by Lieutenant van Nieuwe in 1834. Though younger women were photographed on board, they remained cautious. Despite being in the monsoon season, the weather was not as severe as in 1892 and 1895. However, strong winds and rough seas often hindered exploration work. Despite seeing many villages with houses along the beach, no suitable settlement location was found during this period.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 2.10.02 / 5354 / 0640  


On the island of Ternate in 1730, officials were dealing with several trade issues. They discovered fraud involving mother-of-pearl shells, where coarse gunny sacks had been substituted for the actual shells. The authorities decided to take strict measures against such fraudulent practices. A letter dated July 6, 1730 was sent to Bengal regarding textile prices. The ministers in Ternate were ordered to follow proper procedures for textile trade according to current market conditions. According to a letter from the Lords 17 dated September 15, 1730, mother-of-pearl shells had brought good profits in the Netherlands. To encourage locals to collect more shells, officials increased the purchase price. They also wanted to prevent other nations from taking these valuable items from the Moluccan district. The text also mentions the shipwrecked vessel Thienhoven on its way to Manado. The ship's journal was examined by the Equipment Master and maritime experts in the presence of the fiscal officer. Due to a continuous shortage of wax, which was difficult to obtain even for daily use, the authorities increased its price to 22 rix-dollars per picol, provided the wax was properly cleaned and didn't show excessive loss when melted.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 2180 / 0346  


This text describes trade patterns in the Dutch East Indies during an unspecified period. Various goods were imported and exported through Makassar with many items moving between Netherlands, Singapore, Java, and other locations in the archipelago. Major trading destinations included:

Common trade goods included:

Many items were either consumed locally in Makassar or redistributed to other parts of the Dutch East Indies. Some goods were completely in transit (doorvoer), while others were partially used locally before being re-exported.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 2.10.02 / 5361 / 0993  


Anthonij Caen, married to Jannetien Gillis Ruijs, was awarded 4 reals of eight monthly for boarding costs in 1500. Hendrick Marcus, a gunner, who sailed on ship Banda at 11 guilders per month and was registered on ship Rotterdam at 9 guilders, would receive his old wage of 11 guilders while serving as cook in the trading post. Cornelis Jansz, boatswain on the Hayewint, received 8 reals for serving as cook for 3 months after the previous cook died, as promised by Captain Jacop Joosten Lodensteijn. Hendrick Harmansz from Amsterdam, who sailed on the White Lion as a cooper, was rehired for 3 years at 16 guilders monthly, with advance payment of 2 months' wages in clothing and money. The ship Klein Middelburg was too leaky to sail to Succadana, so a small junk bought at Bantam would be sent instead, carrying: Governor-General Gerrard Reijns agreed to pay the King of Jaccatra 800 reals of eight yearly starting January 1, 1515 for tax exemptions. The King demanded advance payment each January and threatened not to demolish Chinese-built houses near the fortress otherwise. In July 21, 1615, this document was signed by Jan Pietersz Coen, Jacop Breeckvelt, Claes Egbersz, Guillam Anthonissen, and Abraham de Rasire. Later events in August 1615 included tensions between Bantam and Jaccatra, leading to military preparations. Pieter van Broeck was appointed to lead a trading voyage to the Coast of Arabia on the ship Nassau, carrying spices and Chinese goods.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1060 / 0441  


In Aralacka, ships belonging to different sides were involved in combat. After some fighting, prisoners were exchanged - around 180 in total. Admiral Braetlief de Jonge proceeded with his fleet towards the remaining 7 enemy ships near Poulo Botton. Near Queda, they found a ship from Maggapatan carrying over 200 packs of linen. The admiral confiscated cargo and sent the crew ashore before burning the ship.

On December 8, they encountered enemy ships positioned advantageously in a bay. On January 6, 1607, the admiral sailed towards the Moluckas with 6 ships, focusing on Amboine, while the vice-admiral went to Aetschyn with ships called "Groote Son" and "Witte Leeuw" to establish a trade contract.

The Castilians had taken Tredoorp and Tarnata. After securing the contract, "Groote Son" sailed to the Coast of Cormandel, while "Consadinerael" and "Witte Leeuw" went to Bantam. 173 enemy galleons sailed to China, where the admiral was also heading on March 31, 1607.

The document mentions trade details for Srrahsulipatan and Petapolij, requiring at least 60,000 reals annually. David van Deyns was stationed in Suratte for the United East India Company, where he was reportedly not well treated. Marten van Dombourch was held prisoner in Cotchyn.

The text indicates that ships arriving after May 31, 1608 would not be able to depart before September. Trade goods mentioned include red cloth, tin (up to 100 bars allowed), nutmeg, and cloves.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1055 / 0127  


Jan Jansz van Culemburg was in Bantam in the East Indies around 1611. He served on a ship called the White Lion. While there, he borrowed some money from a young man named Evert Harmensz. The amount was about 25 guilders. During his time on the ship, he only received 3 pieces of cloth - 1.5 pieces of blue and 1.5 pieces of red woolen cloth.

Jan Jansz was owed money by some people, including someone named Aert, who was the brother of Cornelis. Cornelis died in Ambon. The exact amount owed is not known.

On December 11, 1613, Jacob Cornelisz, a shipbuilder from Dordrecht, appeared before notary Claes Verduijn in Utrecht. Jacob stated that his brother Jan Cornelisz had died eight days earlier. Because the estate had more debts than assets, Jacob gave up his inheritance rights to Neeltgen Jans, his brother's widow. He acknowledged receiving some clothes from her, not as inheritance but as a gift out of charity.

View transcript NL-UtHUA / 6507023 / 51  


On July 29, 1612, Steven departed from Ternatij with the White Lion ship, accompanied by the Black Evening and Vlissingen ships, commanded by Jan Dierckxsz Lam. They were headed to Bantam and then homeward. Near Celebes, they captured a Portuguese ship and took supplies including cloth and rice. They arrived in Bantam on October 2. There they found several Dutch ships including the Arms of Amsterdam. Later, 3 English ships arrived. Steven was ordered to transfer to the Rotterdam ship heading to Jacatra to collect supplies. On November 14, they left for Jacatra, and on December 12 reached Presee. There they captured a trading vessel from Malacca belonging to the King of Sorbaijen, taking goods worth about 2,000 reals and some enslaved people. They departed on December 26 for Ambon, arriving January 23, 1613. By February 1, new arrangements were made for soldiers' pay and provisions. They loaded about 164 units of cloves onto the Rotterdam. On January 24, they sailed to Banda, arriving January 30. After Captain Voet's death, Pieter Thijssen became captain. On February 2, when new orders about soldiers' provisions were announced, the soldiers initially resisted but eventually accepted. On March 4, soldiers refused to repair a castle wall breach unless paid two months' wages. The situation escalated into a mutiny, forcing leadership to pay the demanded wages. One mutineer, Hartman Foukensz, was executed for planning to assassinate a superior officer.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1056 / 0173  


In Bantam and Jacatra, during December 1617, ships including the Eenhoorn brought pepper from Jambi. Cornelis Coomans's fleet near Malacca was unsuccessful and moved to Achin to seek trade. The Swarte Leeuw arrived in Bantam from Javoy, bringing news that commander Jan Dircxsz Ram had escaped with others and captured good loot. Several Dutch ships were stationed in different locations: Relations with the English were poor, resulting in violence and deaths of 3-4 Dutch people. The Dutch filed formal protests against the English. By January 6, 1618, Reael reported that the Spanish fleet had strengthened in the Manila area after a battle with the Dutch. Two ships from St. Malo arrived, one at Bantam and another near Jacatra. Director Jan Pietersz Coen wrote from Bantam on January 10, 1628, discussing plans to establish a rendez-vous near Jacatra. He noted that the Mataram was approaching and that the English were making the Pangeran suspicious that the Dutch would help the Mataram against him.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1066 / 0387  


In Bantam on November 20, 1600 there was a meeting about ships called: This meeting produced resolutions that would be in effect until December 20 of that year.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1053 / 0327  


A record details ship movements and ledger entries for several Dutch East India Company vessels during 1688-1689. The ship 'Wapen van Alkmaar' departed from Texel on July 27, 1688, under the command of fiscal officer Pieter van Eelsenigen and captain Carel Aordeske Millnaders. The ship carried 250 crew members and arrived at Peronne on May 20, 1689.

Various ships' ledgers are listed with their accounting periods:

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1457B / 0167  


On October 18, 1856, a public auction was held at the 'Wapen van Amsterdam' inn in the Haarlemmerhout in Heemstede. The seller was Xavier de Severin Stoffels, an innkeeper who was married to Maria Charlotte Ferende. The notary Jan Dolleman from Haarlem conducted the auction, with Barth Timmer and Hendrik van der Eem as witnesses.

Two properties were offered for sale:

Both properties together had to pay a recognition fee of 1 guilder and 80 cents yearly to the city of Haarlem for boundary posts along the lane. Property 2 had an additional recognition fee of 11 guilders annually to Haarlem. Together they contributed 1 guilder and 20 cents per binder for Rijnland's band money.

View transcript NL-HlmNHA / 4748884 / 212  


On January 29, 1611, at a meeting on the ship 'Wapen van Amsterdam' anchored before Jacatra, Jan Cornelisz Wissekerke submitted a request. The Governor-General and his council showed mercy and reinstated him to his previous position, but fined him one month's wages. This was signed by Pieter Pot, Mateo Coteels, Steven Doens, Abraham Theunemans, Claes Outgers, and Dirk Prs Salf.

After reading the Governor-General's instructions and oath, the same oath was administered to Houtman, Jasper Janssz, and Schaerlaken. They decided to send a sloop loaded with rice to Banda with 14 soldiers and 11 sailors for defense against corcorren (local boats), making a total of 25 people.

Because the castle of Amboina was short on soldiers, they ordered that 100 men should always remain there, including all married personnel brought from Holland from both the Zeeland and Holland Companies. To avoid future problems, they decided that no high-ranking officer except sergeants could marry local women, unless officers were sent from the homeland with higher ranks.

They ordered the purchase of rice from some junks at a reasonable price, up to 300 loads or more, as it was needed in Ternate.

On February 18, 1611, at Castle Amboina, the Governor-General called a meeting with Frederick de Houtman, Jasper Janssen, Steven Doens, Jacob van Schaerlaken, and Abraham Theunemans to discuss necessary matters.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1053 / 0022  


On July 7, 1618, officials decided not to make formal peace or war with the people of Salamme. They would continue trading at the fort while remaining cautious. This strategy aimed to attract goods not only from Salamme but also from Contor and other places, so the ship Hoorn could sail to Java with cargo.

On July 10, 1618, Martin vander Strengen was appointed temporary president of these territories until a governor arrived. The ship Morgensterre was ordered to collect gunpowder from Amboijna. Gerrit Velincx was re-hired as chief merchant for three years at 66 guilders per month.

On July 16, 1618, it was decided that:

The ship Hollandia was declared unseaworthy by Jan van Dycke, Willem Diericxs, and Claes Gerrits. Its equipment would be transferred to the Morgensterre for travel to the Molucques. Willem Diericxs was appointed captain of the ship Hoorn at Japara with a salary of 51 guilders per month.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1068 / 0509  


In Batavia during May 1689, several ships arrived from various locations. The ship "Hendrik Maurits" came from Bantam carrying bookkeeper general P. de Roo. Multiple vessels arrived throughout the month, including ships from Samarang, Japara, Indermayoe, Suratta, Ceylon, Bengalen, and from the homeland via Cape of Good Hope. At the end of May 1689, the following vessels were present at Batavia's harbor: During the same month, several ships departed from Batavia to various destinations:
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1457B / 0036  


This document contains information about various letters and reports sent to the Dutch East India Company in Amsterdam between 1613 and 1616. Here are the key communications:

The documents include letters from various trading posts, financial statements about the Dutch Indies, and communications with local authorities. Some letters are original while others are copies, and a few documents are noted as missing from the collection.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1059 / 0006  


On July 6, 1616, Jan Gerritsen van Goeningen, a boatswain on the ship "Wapen van Amsterdam", hit Willem Waeyt, an under-trumpeter, in the face near the Bollewerk Oranje. The conflict arose when Waeyt repeatedly asked Gerritsen to help with stone-diving work. After an argument, Gerritsen drew his knife and stabbed Waeyt in the back, causing him to bleed. Since Gerritsen had been punished for similar offenses before, the Council of the Indies sentenced him to be keelhauled three times under the ship "Oude Mane" and to be flogged in front of the crew.

In another case from July 17, 1616, Cornelis Hendricxsen van der Gouw, a former boatswain's mate on the ship "Zeeland" and current sailor on the ship "Vlissingen", confessed to theft. Over several nights, he broke into the cable room by removing a plank and stole:

He shared the stolen drinks with other sailors, claiming he got them from the ship's supply officer. The Council sentenced him to be publicly whipped and to work without pay for 3 years on the frigates or other hard labor.

Both sentences were signed by Laurens Reael, Steven van der Hagen, Jasper Janssen de Jonge, Steven Doenssen van Groenendyck, Jan Dirrickxsen Lam, and Ghijsbrecht van Vijanen.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1064 / 0176  



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