Users of Open Archives can have summaries generated from the recognized texts (transcriptions) produced through text recognition (OCR) and handwriting recognition (HTR). Neither of these artificial intelligence tasks is perfect, but they are often more than sufficient to make the historical document understandable. In the transcripts, names are underlined in green and clickable (to search the personal entries on Open Archives for the name in question), the recognized dates have a light gray background and recognized place names have a light purple background. The results of the application of (European) artificial intelligence have not been verified by a human.
On October 24, 1697, in Macassar, payroll bookkeeper Arnold Mol reported to the head of the general payroll office about corrections to various resolutions regarding craftsmen's tools. Before his departure, Merdomburg was not charged on his original account because the yard boss Bartholomeus de Grote, who had made the delivery on the governor's orders, was absent on board the wreck Silversteijn in Labeut.
A list of 3 people who still had outstanding debts was included with the payroll papers. The garrison report from Arnold Mol to the head of the general payroll office, Pieter de Vos, addresses these and other salary-related matters.
The resolution of April 19 recorded corrections of mistakes, of which Boswijk was informed. The resolution of July 2 noted additional corrections that went against the intended rules. Resolutions from December 11, January 29, February 5, July 16, and August 6 dealt with matters concerning the church, school, and charity office.
Duplicate papers were sent alongside this report, which had previously been sent in single copy on the 21st by the sloop of the Chinese captain Ongwatko.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8171 / 0296 On May 22, 1703, a dead body was executed at Timor and thrown into the sea by the head merchant. A Chinese junk landed with 27 picols of wax at Logoballa, where Singadje Poetie captured two criminals while two others escaped. After hiding in the forest and mountains for some time, these fugitives eventually came to the Dutch district where local Mardijkers brought them to the castle. The Javanese executioner from Cheribon died in the Company's prison from illness on April 22. His body was handled according to his voluntary confession, as shown in the resolution, sentence, and execution dated April 23.
The Chinese captain Ongwatko incorrectly named Joannes van Alphen in his request instead of the second-in-command Thomas Breda, who had actually discussed the wax transaction at Solor. The head merchant was completely innocent and unaware of this matter, only knowing what the second-in-command had reported.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8314 / 0302 On the ship named Woeijtkensdorp, anchored in the harbor, Jomas Orelius, who was a captain-lieutenant and equipment master, together with Dirk van Der Heiden and Arnoldus Hitters, who were in charge of the ships Maria Louwrentia and Cijlons Voorspoed, along with master servant Steeven Steevensz, and sailors Barend Stol and Roelof Jansz, reported to Julius Valentijn Stein van Gollenesse, who was a Council member of the Dutch East Indies and governor and director of Ceylon and its territories.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 9905 / 0189
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8138 / 0145 In Macassar on 30 May 1702, a letter was sent and received on 20 June by chaloup ship Saemslag. The document was signed by Jan Riddel in Sumbawa.
A register of papers was sent by a Chinese person to Batavia, addressed to Governor General Willem van Outhoorn and the Council of the Dutch East Indies. The papers were sent by Governor Cornelis Deernink and council.
The register contained:
Previous communications were sent via yacht 's Heeren Jansland and two smaller vessels in April and 14 May. The document includes samples of sappanwood from Bima, Dampoe, Tambora, Papekat, and Sambauwa. The register was signed in Castle Rotterdam in Macassar on 8 June 1702 by Secretary Andries Werij.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1663 / 0166
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1568 / 0467 On October 10, 1691 and October 18, 1695, reports were made from Macassar about sapanwood that had been spared from destruction. There were concerns that little could be accomplished in the coming year, though they would try their best to send word to Amboina and Banda if successful, provided ships could stop at Biema.
Regarding weapons requested by Crain Binoang from Boni, mentioned in a letter from January 22, no specifics could be reported due to the absence of the Boni court and the discontent of Raja Boni. It was generally understood these were used to subdue the inland Torajans, who were later completely subjugated, though the Boni people lost many of their own before achieving victory, after which the war ended entirely.
Two vessels carrying rice belonging to Crain Angenonja (also known as Raja Tanette) were seized at Maros because they were being exported illegally. No one was allowed to export grain from the Company's farming districts before paying the Company's tenth tax, under penalty of confiscation. These lands were so extensive that they couldn't all be farmed by Company subjects, so Bugis, Macassarese, and other residents including Mardijkers and Chinese were allowed to farm the fallow land, provided they paid the tenth tax. Only Raja Boni and some important nobles were exempt from this tax when specifically requesting it, which Crain Angenonja's servants had failed to do during the court's absence.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1568 / 0468 In Macassar on October 18, 1695, Chinese colonists showed little interest in trade because it brought them small profits or even losses. They preferred trading with Borneo instead.
Two people named Djoemat and Dada were mentioned in a letter from January 22. When they arrived with a letter on March 18, they were presented to Dani Manbele Galarang from Glisson and his associates. After a long examination, they couldn't identify these two individuals, saying they were Towadjoe people who had been wandering in Java since the war in Cappar (about 17 years ago), apparently surviving through theft and robbery. They were considered vagabonds and weren't accepted.
On February 25, Carre Mabanij, a servant of Aroe Teeko, reported finding weapons, copper, and pottery from a shipwrecked Chinese boat near Cariman Java. The boat was traveling from Batavia to Ternate. The items likely belonged to a Chinese man named Ongswanko. Later, the Chinese captain Ongwatko requested help recovering the salvaged goods but was denied because he wasn't qualified to make the request.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1568 / 0469 On May 51, 1701, in Macassar, a pirate named Domelican with 60 men was reported near the shores of Tambora. They had 3 to 4 well-manned sailing vessels between Sumbawa and Tambora 30 to 40 days earlier. The pirates attacked small trading vessels and robbed them of their goods. These pirates were said to be from Manassar. The ship captain reported not seeing them during the crossing, suggesting the pirates had likely changed course after hearing about Company officials and their small force of 1 corporal and 12 men.
The officials were supposed to investigate the situation locally and report back to Batavia via the sloop Johoor, which would leave Bima after 14 days of repairs. The Chinese captain Ongwatko shipped 11 loads and 1,400 pounds of green beans, measured and stored in 287 gunny sacks. They planned to send more cargo with free trading vessels heading to Batavia, though these rarely carried full loads. The final papers and trade books would be sent with the sloop Goa.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8173 / 0089 On May 20, 1695, Maria Evertsz, widow of President Francois Prins, deposited 1000 reals in cash at Rotterdam Castle in Macassar. This money was to be paid to merchants Jan Koek and Jan Cornelis d'Ableing in Batavia.
They planned to send two copies of this letter: the first with Pieter Evertsz, a mixed-race citizen, and the second with Ongwatko, the Chinese captain's boat. Due to illness and cargo issues, both were delayed. Instead, they decided to send the second copy with Intchie Soemail, a local Malay resident, without attachments.
The letter was signed by:
A letter from April 29 delivered by Djene Noorsjo on the 5th described the situation on Sumbawa Island. The kingdoms of Bima and Dompo were in a poor state due to violence from Raja Tambora and their own weaknesses. Raja Tambora refused to accept their letter and showed no interest in the East India Company. They would have to wait until they could send more troops and supplies. The oppressed allies showed no courage to fight against Tambora, though they hoped they would at least defend their remaining villages, as recommended to them through Christoffel Nootnagel, the bookkeeper and resident.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1577 / 0112 In 1700, several important documents were received in Macassar and Bouton. These included:
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1637 / 0363
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1568 / 0391
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8172 / 0454 On June 21, 1705, permission was granted to Chinese captains in Macassar to trade in Tontoli and Madalam. The King of Ternate was to be informed of this, and Governor Willem de Roo and his council were notified. This was done to help detect any hidden arrangements, though no wrongdoing was found. The son of the Chinese captain in Macassar, Ongwatko Ongiko, received yearly permission to send a trading vessel to Tontoli and Nada. Sergeant Commander Daniel van Piron in Manado was to be informed of this and instructed to ensure that Anghieke would not be hindered when arriving with proper passes from either the governor or the authorities in Macassar. The King of Ternate was not expected to object, as these locations had been visited without his prior knowledge, and this practice would continue until further orders. The text concludes with a saying that it is easier to give slack than to tighten control.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8074 / 0142 In September 30, 1697, Chinese traders were robbed in Passir. Seven slaves were detained and a vessel was sent from Can bekela to Nadompo. For this, Toerelij woe-oe was sentenced to life in chains by the Justice Council on July 11. His vessel and cargo were given to dain mamangon, his slaves were given as compensation to those who were wronged, and the rest was confiscated. Radja dompo later approved this verdict through his harbor master moer oemar alij and in a separate letter to the governor. The punishment would have been more severe if the perpetrator hadn't been one of Dampo's nobles.
Regarding the claim of dain matene, daughter of Crain Cronron, to the kingdom of Passir, nothing new had developed since their last report, as the radja of Passir did not keep his promise to send his commissioners during the previous western season. Their intention was only to act as mediators in this dispute, as both parties had requested. This was not so much because the kingdom of Passir claimed to be in alliance, but mainly to prevent secret plundering that would harm their small traders.
These traders annually brought considerable quantities of wax and resin, and sometimes tortoiseshell and birds' nests. The Chinese captain ongwatko dominated the trade of the latter two items, outmaneuvering other small traders by setting up advance deals for the following year's deliveries. This advance trading appears to be the reason why the Chinese traders Thien Tuanko and ongtuanko, who lived in Japara, lost their vessels and goods in Passir the previous year.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8171 / 0187 On October 11, 1701, a report from Macassar mentioned 2 packages of green Cadjang that arrived from the mountains. The officials were still dealing with unwanted goods, including 2 packages of Chiavonijs and other items they needed instructions for handling. They were waiting for approval regarding a necessary public sale.
By the 20th of that month, according to the enclosed bill of lading, one of two departing vessels - specifically that of the Chinese merchant Oug Gieko - carried 200 pounds of hartshorn and 1.3 loads of green Cadjang. The cargo also included 30 gunny sacks measured by commissioners and 19 slaves, both male and female, belonging to the Kings of Boni and Goa. The slaves were valued at 25 rix-dollars each.
The merchant Abraham Holscher arrived safely with his vessel the previous day, delivering an esteemed letter dated August 16. The letter contained instructions about the residence of Lima and orders for the Kings of Bina Sumbawa, Dempo, Tambora, Sangar, and Papekat to assist with sappanwood gathering according to their capabilities.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8173 / 0229 On October 22, 1708, in Macassar, Ong-iko submitted a request naming 10 Chinese individuals he believed were involved in wrongdoing. Three of them - Oeintheko, Thienthoenko, and Pouionko - were present at the time. The fiscal was ordered to examine these three individuals before the Council of Justice. Only two could be found: Ointheko and Pouinko. They declared their innocence, which was documented, and Captain Ong-iko could not produce further evidence against them.
Some days later, Captain Ong-iko urgently requested permission to travel to Batavia. He had learned through one of his vessels that he was under suspicion there for matters he claimed to know nothing about. He wanted to clear his name before the authorities, stating he couldn't properly serve as Captain of his people without doing so. His father, former Captain Ongwatko, requested the same from the governor and promised to fulfill his son's duties during his absence. The authorities granted their consent.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8179 / 0055 On April 30, 1705, officials in Macassar sent documents to Batavia. The governor Willem de Roo and his successor Joan Jacob Erbelvelt, along with the council, sent these via a Chinese captain named Ongwatko's boat. The documents included:
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8176 / 0397 On May 4, 1697, news arrived in Macassar about the wreck of the ship Silversteijn. 214 people were on board. 105 military personnel and sailors made a raft from beams and planks to try to reach shore. They would not have survived if the shipyard master hadn't found them at sea with small vessels, as they were already sitting waist-deep in water due to the raft's weight. About 25 people, along with officer Vla, reached the bay of Bankala on the south coast. Captain Theunis Ros made sure the woodwork was brought ashore, to be collected later when a suitable boat would be available.
Of the 100 soldiers meant for Banda, 96 made it to the garrison: 2 sergeants, 2 corporals, and 92 soldiers. They arrived either by Chinese Captain Ongwatko's sloop, by small vessels, or over land. 4 soldiers were reported to have died on the Silversteijn. Many soldiers who got sick from the hardships had mostly recovered, though six remained ill.
It was determined that while the ship was not in immediate danger of breaking apart during the southeastern season, it would not survive the first northwestern storm. They hoped to save everything of value from the wreck.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8171 / 0028 On October 24, 1697, from Macassar, paymaster Moll sent a report to the head of the general payroll office. The report discussed corrections of improper improvements, which can be found in various resolutions. A letter from December 29 of the previous year specifically ordered this to make it easier to trace where one must look for the latest original accounts. Garrison bookkeeper Arnold Moll sent his letter about these and other salary matters to the head of the general payroll office, Pieter de Vos.
The resolution of April 19 recorded corrections of improper improvements, of which a memo was sent through Boswijk. The resolution of July 2 also recorded some corrections of such improvements, which they noted from the aforementioned memo that conflicted with their intentions.
The resolutions of December 11, January 29, February 5, July 16, and August 6 dealt with matters concerning the church, school, and charity office. They respectfully refer to these and other household arrangements to avoid further elaboration.
Along with this report, they sent duplicate copies of papers that were previously sent as single copies on the 21st by the boat of Chinese Captain Ongwatko, including:
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1595 / 1067 On April 16, 1703, a report was sent from Macassar regarding four slave women. These women, who were allegedly owned by Arou Teko, were sent to Batavia by bookkeeper Marcus Santbeek with Nachoda Jabar on a sloop belonging to Chinese Captain Ongwatko. The governor had received earlier notice of this through a Malay letter.
The document also mentions:
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8174 / 0060 On May 4, 1697, a report was written from Macassar about severe weather conditions. During the previous Western Monsoon, there were unusually rough storms, worse than anyone could remember. This caused 7 civilian and Chinese vessels to be lost at sea, though most people on board were saved and some cargo was recovered.
A Company ship or sloop was presumed lost on the reefs of de Bril. Between March 24 and 30, the ship Silversteijn was also wrecked there. Despite all efforts, the ship could not be freed from the rocks.
On April 2, after receiving news of the wreck by boat, authorities took action to save lives and cargo. They prepared several vessels for the rescue operation:
These ships were ordered to anchor near Tannekeke point to wait for survivors and goods from the wreck.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8171 / 0026 On September 2, 1705, in Timor, several Chinese ship captains arrived with their vessels. Captain Ongwatko came from Batavia with official papers. He and other Chinese captains (Ong Pietko, Sojanko, Sinko, and Thiosinko) then left for trade in Soulikan.
Over the past 3-4 years, during disputes between Portuguese subjects in Liffauw and Tolikan, some Chinese passengers had abandoned their vessels and stayed without proper permission from the authorities in Batavia. They appeared unwilling to return to Batavia and seemed to be avoiding their creditors.
On August 19, the council decided (pending higher approval) to inform these individuals that they must each find a vessel to transport them back to Batavia. They would not be allowed to stay after the end of the eastern sailing season without proper permission.
The text also mentions that several Macassarese and Javanese sailors from Chinese and other trading vessels from Batavia had been deserting into the forests.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8176 / 0374
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1577 / 0143 In May 1700, several important documents were received and exchanged between officials in Macassar and Batavia. The Chinese captain Ongwatko delivered documents on May 21, 1700. Among these were letters from Governor Isaac van Phijs and the council of Macassar to the high government in Batavia, dated May 3 and May 4, 1700.
The documents included:
These documents were registered for sending to the homeland (the Netherlands).
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1637 / 0362 Find your ancestors and publish your family tree on Genealogy Online via https://www.genealogieonline.nl/en/