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On July 9, 1666, Willem Waterdrincker was hired as chief navigator for the ship 'Juffr. Agata Aletta', captained by Jan Jans van Aren. He received 300 guilders from Cornelis Rgthart of Amsterdam as a maritime loan. The loan was secured against the ship's equipment and clothes. The journey would be from Amsterdam to Emnea. The risk would end when the ship returned safely to Amsterdam.

On the same day, Laduwick van Teleslenhaff from Amsterdam, representing Dr. Gabriel Margelis Selio Saan from Christiania in Norway, acknowledged a debt of 7,500 guilders to merchants Cornelis and Sijman Lechswijn. The debt was to be repaid in March, April, or May of the following year, with 0.5% monthly interest. Payment would come from copper shipments from Christiania. The merchants would receive 2% commission for selling the copper.

In Copenhagen on May 19, 1691, Robert Goes reported on negotiations and maritime activities. The Danish King was organizing naval preparations, with orders given for a 36-gun ship to sail to the Elbe River, where another Danish ship, the Dragoner, was stationed.

12 Danish and 7-8 Swedish salt-trading ships arrived from St. Hubes. About 20 Dutch ships had passed through the area days before. Without convoy protection, these ships risked being captured by the French or arrested by Danish authorities.

The Danish navy had about 3,000 sailors in service, which could total 5,000 men when combined with a regiment of marines and expected troops from Norway. Two 22-gun warships, the Neptunus and Valk, set sail for Bleckeren in Norway. The Hommer, with 36 guns, departed for the Elbe River, causing concern in Hamburg.

While the Danish fleet lacked provisions and money, supplies could be gathered in Gluckstadt. A special fortification tax was being collected, though this caused hardship for citizens. The report warned that if trade interruptions continued, the kingdom would face severe economic problems.

Earlier, on June 16, 1690, Goes had reported that the Danish King and Queen with their family had returned from Frederixburg to the city for a feast, planning to return to Frederixburg before traveling to Holstein.

In Amsterdam, merchants filed several requests to the High Council about money owed to them by the King of Spain. The amount was 12,075 pieces of eight plus 1,000 reals for a shipment of heavy masts and ship planks. These materials were used to equip the Spanish fleet in 1656, violating the 20th article of the Peace Treaty of 1648. Despite diplomatic efforts through ambassadors and multiple letters, the merchants had not received payment by January 14, 1664.

The merchants requested permission to seize Spanish assets (lands, tithes, or rents) within their state to recover their capital, interest, and costs. The Council decided to refer the matter to Goris and other deputies for sea affairs to examine the case and suggest solutions.

Deputies from the province of Utrecht requested that the companies of Colonel Aquila, Sergeant Major Weede, and Captains Serooskercke and Boot be relocated back to Utrecht from their current garrisons.

• Boudewijn Schaep, a skipper from Gothenburg, requested permission to sail his ship "Blue Mountain" in ballast with some permitted goods.
• Douwe Sijmons, a skipper from Christiania in Norway, requested permission to sail in ballast with a few trees.
• Dirck Reindertsen, a skipper from Schien in Norway, requested permission to sail his ship in ballast.

Representatives from Utrecht requested that military companies under Colonel Aquila and Sergeant Major, as well as Captains Serooskercken and Boot, be removed from their current garrisons and sent back to Utrecht province. The Council of State was asked for advice on this matter. Several ship captains requested permission to sail:

• Boudewijn Schaep from Gothenburg with his ship "Blue Mountain"
• Douwe Sijmonsen from Christiania in Norway with some trees
• Dirck Reinderts from Schien in Norway
• Jettge Claes from Christiania in Norway
• Pieter Swentssen with his ship "Landskrona Hope"

All these requests were forwarded to the Admiralty Board in Amsterdam or the Northern Quarter for advice. On October 20, 1666, the assembly reviewed yesterday's resolutions. Danish resident Charisius requested permission for Commissioner Gabriel Marselis to send two ships to Norway to collect large masts. The Dutch East India Company responded on October 18 to letters from October 11 and October 13 regarding seven returning East India ships and regulations preventing the lending and renting of company shares. Another letter dated October 16 was also received.

This is a list of promissory notes (debt documents) from 1647, mostly involving trade between the Netherlands and Norway. Here are the debtors and their amounts in Dutch guilders:

• Hendrick Theuwesz in Lange Sout: 139.2 guilders (August 29, 1647)
• Hans Jeuriaen in Lange Sout: 305.1 guilders (July 3, 1647)
• Niels Amos in Fredrikstad: 359.18 guilders (July 17, 1647)
• Hans Harels in Fredrikstad: 783.8 guilders (July 9, 1647)
• Niels Celeffsz in Kopervik: 481.10 guilders (July 8, 1647)
• Niel and Anders in Drammen: 270 guilders (July 4, 1647)
• Niels Alberts in Drammen: 377.10 guilders (July 3, 1647)
• Marckes Helleers in Lange Sout: 312 guilders (July 3, 1647)
• Mats Jensz in Drammen: 904.5 guilders (July 11, 1647)
• Arnout and Johannes van der Hagen in Stockholm: 1,767.6 guilders (August 5, 1647)
• Christoffel Dircxsz in Christiania: 1,478 guilders (September 12, 1647)
• Gedaen Vegesack in Riga: 1,582.8 guilders (September 16, 1647)
• Claes Hittegras in Angesund: 223.12 guilders (April 18, 1647)
• Jochem Coene in Skien: 171.16 guilders (August 21, 1647)
• Sijbrant Elkesz: 118.15 guilders (September 12, 1647)
• Sacharias Sijmons in Langeland: 88.9 guilders (August 31, 1647)
• Pieter Jansz in Langesund: 322.12 guilders (July 4, 1647)
• Pieter Eskels in Fredrikstad: 508.13 guilders (September 14, 1647)
• Pieter Pieters in Larvik: 351.6 guilders (September 4, 1647)
• Marten Roelof in Christian Sound: 436.15 guilders (May 20, 1647)
• Jeuriaen Coldwijn in Tønsberg: 835.17 guilders (June 21, 1647)
• Jens Jacob in Kopervik: 127 guilders (September 9, 1647)

On August 28, 1642, at around 7pm in Amsterdam, Cornelius Jansz from Norway appeared before notary Henrick Schaeff. Jansz was serving as a junior officer on a ship for the West India Company. He acknowledged owing Thomas Brant, an innkeeper, 48 Carolus guilders for boarding costs and advanced money for his voyage equipment. He agreed that this amount should be paid from his first wages and prize money.

Similarly, on August 23, 1641, Hans Stevensz Schidt from Thuringia appeared, who was serving as a soldier on a ship of the West India Company. He acknowledged a debt of 34 Carolus guilders to the same innkeeper Thomas Brandt for similar expenses.

Both documents were witnessed by local residents including Isaac Oostendorp. The first document was also witnessed by Hans Sterensz Schut, and the second by Cornelius Jansz Prenselins from Dronthem in Norway.

• Several widows and orphans of sailors who served on Van Wassenaer's ship submitted a petition.
• Various ship captains requested administrative decisions:
  • Boudewijn Schaep from Gothenburg
  • Douwe Sijmons from Christiania in Norway
  • Dirck Reijnderssen from the Long Sound in Norway
  • Jettge Claes from Christiania in Norway
  • Pieter Swentssen, captain of the ship Landscroonsche Hoop
• David Sochon acted as representative for Michiel Mell, a merchant from Dieppe.
• All these requests were sent to the Admiralty Colleges in Amsterdam, the Northern Quarter, and Rotterdam for their advice before any decisions would be made.

On June 4, 1639, a legal document was signed in Amsterdam. The siblings Arnoldus, Jacob, and Janneken van Schoonhoven, along with representatives for the underage children of their late sister Willem Mijntgen van Schoonhoven, appointed two of their brothers as legal representatives. These appointed brothers were Cornelis van Schoonhoven from Amsterdam and Abraham van Schoonhoven who lived in Skien in Norway.

The brothers were given power to handle the inheritance of their deceased sister Weintgen van Schoonhoven, who had died in Skien. They were authorized to create an inventory of her belongings and negotiate the division of property with their brother-in-law Juriaen Claessen, who had been remarried after Weintgen's death.

The document also mentions various financial transactions involving:

• Laserus Hamelborgh to Johannes Verspreet: 75 guilders
• Marten Lentgen to Berent Reiners: 33 guilders
• Berent Isevoort to Jaques de Laeive in Vigendam: 46 guilders and 12 stuivers
• A package of money collected by Jan Loman containing 312 Rijksdaalders
• About 850 pounds of copper valued at 288 guilders
• 14 pieces of linen estimated at 242 guilders
• 4 units of tobacco worth 6 guilders

• Funds for equipment
• 361 guilders for deepening the Lower Rhine and IJssel rivers
• Funds for building 24 new ship hulls

On April 26, 1639, Jochum Pietersz hired several workers through a contract to help on his farm in New Netherland. The workers were:

• Hans Hendricks from Drage near Fredrickstad (Holstein) as head worker
• Hendrick Holst from Heiligenhafen in Oldenburg as worker
• Pieter Jansz from Schien in Norway as worker
• Claes Hous from Daijlingh as young helper

They agreed to serve him, his wife and family on the farm. The men signed up for 4 years, while the young helper signed for 6 years. Their wages, besides food and drink, were:

• Hans Hendricks: 40 rixdollars
• Hendrick Holst: 36 rixdollars
• Pieter Jansz: 24 rixdollars
• Claes Hous: food and clothing for first 2 years, then 15 rixdollars per year

Several ship captains submitted requests to sail their vessels. Dirck Teindertsz, a skipper from Schien in Lange sondt, Norway, asked permission to sail his ship with ballast. Jettge Claes, a captain from Christiana, Norway, requested to sail with ballast and some permitted goods. Pieter Swentssen, captain of the ship "Landtscroonsche Hoop", asked to sail from Vlie to France with ballast. All these requests were sent to the Admiralty College in Amsterdam and the Northern Quarter for review.

On August 11, 1625, a shipping contract was made in Amsterdam between merchant Jacques Hugert and ship captain Meijnert Jans Schoolmeester from Beven Carspel. The ship, named "De Schoolmeester", had a capacity of about 60 last.

The agreement outlined the following voyage plan:

• First sail from the Netherlands to Dublin, Ireland
• From there, either sail to La Rochelle, France, or to Chester to load coal
• If going to Chester, return to Dublin afterwards
• Then proceed to either Rouen in Normandy or return to Amsterdam

The payment for this journey was set at 1,350 guilders, with 2 shillings sterling counting as 1 guilder. The captain would then make a second journey from Dublin to Langesund, where he had 10 days to unload and load, before sailing to Ipswich, England. There, he would have 12 days to unload, receiving another 1,350 guilders.

The merchant would advance 200 riksdaler to the captain in Langesund, to be repaid upon arrival in Ipswich, without interest, either in riksdaler or English currency.

On December 17, 1642, at 11 o'clock before noon, Andries Poulusz vander heijd from Ditmerschen appeared before notary Henrick Schaeff. He was going to serve as a sailor on the ship Oltfant for the East India Company in this city. He acknowledged owing Sijmon Jansz, a shoemaker on Haerlemr Street, 381 guilders and 12 stuivers for food, expenses, and supplies provided over more than 15 weeks. The payment would come from his first wages and prize money. Witnesses were Pieter Evertsz from Fredrick Stadt and Jurrien Braes, a shoemaker's assistant from the Halsteeg.

On December 18, 1642, at 2 o'clock in the afternoon, Cornelis Roeloffz from Langesont appeared. He was to serve as a gunner's mate on the ship Amsterdam for the East India Company. He acknowledged owing Jonas Evertsz, a woodworker and innkeeper, 440 caroli guilders for food, expenses and supplies. Payment would come from his first wages and prize money. Witnesses were Claes Hansz Winter, sailing to the East Indies on the ship Weesel, Albert Sorlsz from Langesont, and Cornelis Eppess, a distiller.

The text discusses diplomatic issues between the Dutch Republic and Denmark in the early modern period. The Dutch resident reports that previous diplomatic efforts, including written submissions to Mr. Wibe and resolutions handed to Mr. van Alefeld, had been unsuccessful. The Danish court's behavior was described as incomprehensible given the current situation.

The official mentions that ships trading in the Baltic Sea might face new threats. There were concerns about the newly restored neutrality on the Elbe River, as the Danes had recently inspected some Swedish vessels. The Swedes declared they would not respect this neutrality unless it extended to neighboring lands as well as the river.

The text also reports that resident van den Bosch wrote from Hamburg on the 7th about Denmark's decision to confiscate two Hamburg ships bound for Spain:

• The ship "Hope" captained by Ernst Monraad, held in Langesund
• The "Catharina" owned by Pieter Code, located in Bergen

These ships had significant Dutch investment in both cargo and insurance. Van den Bosch warned that Dutch citizens should reclaim their goods and interests before the planned sale of the ships and their cargo on May 21st.

On September 32, 1663, Roelof Roeloffsen, about 20 years old, made a statement at the request of Jan Butler. He testified that on December 18, he went to an inn with a barrel-gauge sign, where he saw a sheriff's servant called Hans from Enkhuizen* who was assigned to guard Hendrik Willemsz, who had been taken into custody by the requester. Shortly after, the requester came to the inn and asked the servant to bring the prisoner to his house or deliver him to the chief officer. The servant refused, saying the prisoner should be received by the officer's servants, or else he would let him escape. The witness then went to fetch servants, and upon returning to the inn about half an hour later, discovered that the prisoner had escaped by jumping through a window while at the servant's side.

On September 21, 1663, Rieuwert Jacobsz from Langesund in Norway appeared, who had come to work as a sailor on a voyage to the East Indies on the ship called Cattenburgh in service of the Dutch East India Company chamber. Being of sound mind, he declared his will, naming Thomas Wegenaer, a dry goods merchant living in the city, as his heir. If the heir dies before the testator, the inheritance would go to his child or children. The inheritance included all goods, movable and immovable property, wages, plunder money, monthly payments, and clothes of linen and wool, without exception, which he would leave upon his death.

The will was executed in Amsterdam in the presence of witnesses Sieuwert Jacob, Andries Hart van Masterlandt, and Lauris van Gottenburgh, both sailors.

On March 2, 1677 in Amsterdam, Aert Andries Van Lditlant, a soldier about to serve under Captain Talman for the Admiralty Board, acknowledged owing 16 guilders to Alexander Edie, who lived at the Old Beer Can in the Dove's Alley. The debt was for food and advance money needed for equipment. Van Lditlant agreed to repay this from his first month's wages.

On March 8, 1677 in Amsterdam, Roelof Michielsz van Langesondt, a sailor preparing to serve for the Admiralty Board, acknowledged owing 13 guilders to Sophia Christaens, wife of Gabriel Jansz, who lived on Anthony's Broad Street near the New Jewish Church. The debt was for food, cooking, and advance money needed for equipment. Van Langesondt agreed to repay this from his first month's wages.

Both agreements were witnessed by notary Nicolaas Hemmink and Abraham Cloppenburgh. The first agreement was also witnessed by Jacob Pijl, while the second was witnessed by Cornelis Sardam.

On August 11, 1625, a contract was made between William Gaeff, an English merchant, and Sijvert Lieuwesz van der Schellingh, a ship captain. The ship, named "De Lieffde" (The Love), could carry about 140 loads. They agreed that:

• The captain would sail from this land (presumably Amsterdam) to Langesund in Norway
• The ship would stay in Langesund for 10 days after arrival
• During this time, the merchant's representative would unload and then reload the ship with whatever goods they chose
• The captain would then sail to Ortnuijden in the western part of England
• The merchant would have 12 days to unload all goods after arrival

The contract was signed in Amsterdam at the notary's house, with Jacob Aeuwoutsz and Gerrit Pietersz van Leeuwen as witnesses. Dierck Sam served as the notary.

In May, ambassadors from the Dutch State were present when masters were sent to Housi in Holstein. The ship's captain lost some crew members who ran away there, forcing him to hire new people including Baer Lourens and Hane Pieters. Captain Pietersz told the crew he would sail to Holland or Emden if there was peace with England, but if there was war, he would sail to Holland.

From Causum, they sailed to Langesund in Norway to take on cargo. The captain told the helmsman he wanted to sail to Vlecker to get news about the war with Holland and buy supplies. If there was war, he planned to go to London. The helmsman and crew were unhappy about stopping at Vlecker as it would waste time.

While anchored in Langesund with two ropes securing the ship (one in the ground and one tied to a tree on land), they were attacked in the evening by pirates. The pirates boarded with drawn swords and pistols when only 5 crew members were aboard (4 were on land). Some crew members were sleeping in their bunks. The pirate pulled the carpenter from his bunk by his legs and struck him with a sword, demanding candles. The pirates then robbed the ship.

This statement was made in Amsterdam in the presence of witnesses Jan Theunisz Schoemaker and Jacob Pietersz Schoelapper, near Dischers Street. It was signed by Jan Egbertsz (helmsman), Lourens Jansz, Broer Lourensz, and Taijn Jatursen.

• The captain had to sail from the Dutch lands directly to Langesund in Norway
• In Norway, the merchant's representative would load the ship with timber
• The captain promised to supervise the loading carefully, as if the cargo was his own
• After loading, the ship had to sail directly to Marseilles in France
• The cargo had to be unloaded within 11 days after arrival
• After delivery, the payment for shipping would be 4,650 Carolus guilders
• Additional payments would be made for harbor fees and piloting, according to maritime custom
• A pistole would be worth 7 guilders and 8 pennies, and a real would be worth 44 pennies

In 1628, Albert Pieterssz, a sailmaker from Medemblick, sailed to Langesondt and Swinsoudt and back to Medemblick on a ship called 'Verckens schot' carrying 160 loads.

In 1631, Ariaen Willemssz transferred ownership of a sand boat of about 13½ loads to Hendrickgen Cornelis, widow of Ariaen Willemsz Roosencrans who lived in Haarlem.

Jan Harmens made a journey from this location to Hamburg and back, carrying cash, timber, and other goods on the ship called 'De Moorin'. Willem Janssz from Nieuwendam had already departed before this time.

The text appears to be a Dutch ship's crew roster or similar personnel list from an historical period. It lists crew members from various places across Northern Europe. Notable crewmen included:

• Claes Pietersz from Nieburgh
• Cornelis Jansz from Utrecht
• Frans Claesz from 's-Hertogenbosch
• Hans Dauw from Hillingstede
• Hans Brouwer, listed as a citizen
• Henrick Willemsz from Deventer
• Henrick Pietersz from Harlingen

The men came from various regions including Denmark, Pomerania, the Netherlands, and several German cities like Lübeck and Hamburg. Some were noted with military ranks such as Captain (Hans Cramer) and Sergeant (Gerrit SmitCamp).

In Crommenie on April 8th, a shipping contract was made between Cornelis Claassz Spaans and Jan Claassz. The ship of 50 loads would sail in the North Sea and Baltic Sea. The contract was for 6 months, starting at 300 per month. Payments would be made every 3 months at the first port of arrival. In Hoorn, from April 1st until All Saints' Day, Dirckijsbrantssz, a merchant from Harren, arranged shipping on the vessel "De Valck" (The Falcon), owned by Valck Allertsz from Giuw. The 115-load ship would sail between Norway (specifically Langesund and Roedendal) and the Dutch territories. The contract included provisions for possible route changes to the east, France, or Ireland. Claas Jacobssz agreed to lift an arrest order provided that the petitioner would post bail for any claims that might be found valid against him. This agreement was witnessed in Amsterdam by Gerrit Jacobssz and Bruijn Jansz.

On December 1648 and September 7, 1640, two similar legal agreements were made in front of notary Henrick Schaeff in Amsterdam. The first agreement involved Erick Claesz from Langesont, and the second involved Pieter Jonck from Ditmersschen. Both men were boatswains on a ship called "de Vrede" in service of the East India Company.

Both sailors acknowledged a debt of 88 carolus guilders to Jan Hiddel, an innkeeper in the city. This debt was for:

• Board and lodging costs
• Advanced money
• Travel preparation expenses

They agreed to repay the debt from their first available wages and prize money. Both agreements were witnessed by Jan Harmensz from Bergen in Norway, who was also a boatswain and their fellow lodger.