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Fully AI-GeneratedUsers of Open Archives can have summaries generated from the recognized texts (transcriptions) produced through text recognition (OCR) and handwriting recognition (HTR). Neither of these artificial intelligence tasks is perfect, but they are often more than sufficient to make the historical document understandable. In the transcripts, names are underlined in green and clickable (to search the personal entries on Open Archives for the name in question), the recognized dates have a light gray background and recognized place names have a light purple background. The results of the application of (European) artificial intelligence have not been verified by a human.


On 18 September 1718, a legal questioning took place in Stellenbosch involving an enslaved person named Januarij van Mallabaar. The session was recorded by Frans Louis van Gros, a secretary, with farmer Hendrik Rodenburg (who lived near farmer Hendrik Moel) as a witness. The case was requested by Jacob Voet, a high-ranking official.

On 12 October 1718, the statement was officially confirmed in Met de Goede Hoop (modern-day Cape Town) by Hendrik Rodenburg in front of witnesses, including Jacobus de Rens, Joost Frits, and others. Rodenburg added one detail under oath: before fleeing, Januarij van Mallabaar had complained to him while making field shoes, saying, "Couldn’t you stay with the sheep? Now I have to go instead." This was the last time Rodenburg saw him.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 4081 / 0274  


On 12 October 1718, members of the respected Council of Justice in the government of the Cape of Good Hope recorded the statements of an enslaved man named Anthonij van Mallabaar. The officials read back his answers to their questions word for word, and he confirmed that his statements were correct and complete.

The record was written in both Portuguese and Dutch so that Anthonij could understand it. The document was signed with Anthonij van Mallabaar's mark and witnessed by:

Sibault, another secretary, confirmed the record matched the original.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 4081 / 0272  


On 30 September 1718, a legal hearing took place in Cabo de Goede Hoop (Cape of Good Hope) involving an enslaved man named Anthonij van Mallabaar, who was questioned by officials, including Landdrost Jacob Voet, about the death of another enslaved person, Januarij van Mallabaar. The questions and Anthonij's answers were recorded in Dutch.

The record was signed by D.e Thibault (secretary) and the commissioners G. V. Baarsenburgh and H. K. Bussouw.

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The following cases were recorded in a historical Dutch legal document:

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This document is a record of criminal cases from Casteel de Goede Hoop (Castle of Good Hope) in 1764. The cases involve soldiers, sailors, and civilians, with various accusations and fines. Below is a summary of the key entries:

The fines listed range from ƒ 2 to ƒ 68, depending on the severity of the accusations.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 10964 / 0091  


This summary covers official letters sent from Samarang (Semarang) and Cheribon (Cirebon) in the Dutch East Indies (now Indonesia) to the Netherlands between 1848 and 1850.

The dates mentioned in the letters ranged from September 4, 1848 to September 21, 1850.

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From 23 to 25 February, the following events were recorded:

On 26 February:

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This document records the transportation of people from an unspecified location, likely during the late 1700s or early 1800s. The groups listed include soldiers, civilians, and enslaved individuals, along with their family members.

The first section details the movement of military personnel and others, including:

The second section lists civilian households, headed by men with various ranks or professions, along with the number of people transported from each household. Notable names include:

The document appears to be a log of people being relocated, possibly for military or colonial purposes, with a focus on counting individuals, including enslaved people, women, and children.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 3523 / 0706  


This document lists debts owed to the Dutch East India Company (VOC) for military supplies, including weapons and ammunition, provided on credit. The debtors were required to repay in gold, cash, or clove oil. The following rulers and officials owed money:

Overall total debt listed: ƒ 9,053.12.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 3597 / 1108  


On 24 February 1756, in Macassar, two officials from the respected Council of Justice of Rotterdam Castle questioned Hendrik Welvaart, a bookkeeper for the Dutch East India Company (E Comp). The interrogation was requested by the prosecutor Winkelman.

On 5 January 1756, a document was signed in Batavia before the secretary Hermanus Burggraef and witnesses. It was declared authentic by Burger Captain Hemert Rijkhuijsen, who confirmed it was handwritten by Anthonij van Dorth and given to him. The document was a summary of a speculative letter involving Van Dorth, his authorized agents De Clarant and Frans Albrecht Piel.

On 24 April 1756, in Macassar, the same officials questioned Hendrik Steijns, the head of the Armory, under request from Winkelman. This was part of the same case (record number 42).

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This summary covers a legal case from the Dutch colonial period in Batavia (modern-day Jakarta):
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A financial report from Macassar dated 11 May 1759 outlines increased expenses and reduced revenues, detailing the following key points:
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In 1752, Clootwijk accused Willem Camerling, Anthonij van Dorth, and their wives—Mari van Macassar and Emerentia Fransen—of treason and harming the authority of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). He claimed they helped a group of locals steal the company’s ship Rustenwerk near Buton and harm its crew. Clootwijk also blamed them for the actions of Frans Fransz and the financial losses the VOC suffered.

Clootwijk repeatedly pressured the High Government of the Indies with letters on 15 July 1752, 30 May 1753, and 25 May 1754, using over 60 pieces of evidence—many allegedly false or fabricated—to support his claims. He even suggested some documents had been hidden to avoid scrutiny.

Instead of following orders to send Camerling and Van Dorth (along with their wives) to stand trial fairly, Clootwijk arrested them. Van Dorth was sent to prison without legal justification, denied visits, and held in poor conditions. Meanwhile, their confiscated property was mismanaged and lost.

Ignoring direct orders from the High Government and a long-standing rule from 20 January 1694 about proper legal procedures, Clootwijk kept the accused in Macassar. He even asked the fiscal officer Steven Winckelman to request their execution as traitors in Celebes, promising to provide the necessary "proof" later.

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On 31 January 1580, certain individuals were isolated and denied contact with friends, relatives, or acquaintances while investigations against them were ongoing.

On 21 January 1580, the fiscal advocate (a legal official) reported in an emergency meeting that the ship De Eendragt had arrived in port from Macassar that day. The ship was immediately seized and held under the authority of the Dutch East India Company (VOC). The advocate also reported that the former Governor van Clootwijck and the secretary of the Council of Justice Wehr were rumored to be preparing to leave Macassar soon aboard a private vessel owned by van Clootwijck. There was strong suspicion that they intended to sail directly to Bencoula or elsewhere to avoid facing trial before the council through a planned secret escape.

The fiscal advocate requested that the honorable High Government of the Indies quickly prepare one or two suitable, well-equipped ships. These ships were to be armed, manned, and placed under the command of two commissioners from the council, accompanied by the fiscal advocate and assisted by one of the sworn clerks. Their mission was to set sail immediately and patrol the Sunda Strait at a location deemed most strategic by the commissioners. Their task was to intercept van Clootwijck and Wehr, seize their persons, crew, and goods by any means necessary, and bring them back under the council's authority.

On 24 January 1580, the government assigned the yacht De Vliegende Visch and the shallop De Goudvinck for this mission. The ships were to be ready to sail by that evening or, at the latest, early the next morning. The appointed commissioners were council members Nicolaas van Landtschot and Carel Godfried Beuck, along with an officer and the first sworn clerk.

The commissioners asked how long they should continue their patrol if van Clootwijck and Wehr were not encountered. They were instructed to remain at sea for at least 14 days. If the targets were not found by then, the commissioners could extend their mission based on any new information obtained from other ships arriving from Macassar.

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On 5 May 1751, a letter was sent from Macassar to Governor-General Jacob Mossel and the respected council members of the Dutch East India Company in Dutch India. The sender requested safe passage for someone named Costij, who was preparing to leave.

The writers closed by placing themselves and the letter under the protection of God, following the orders of Governor-General Jacob Mossel and the council, to safeguard the Dutch East India Company's important interests. They signed off with deep respect.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8226 / 0027  


On 5 May 1751, a letter was sent from Macassar to Jacob Mossel, the Governor-General, and the Council of the Dutch East Indies. The sender requested safe passage for a man named Costij, who was preparing to leave.

The writers closed by placing Costij and the letter under the protection of God and the Dutch East India Company (VOC), addressing the leaders with great respect and formal titles.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8226 / 0025  


On 5 May 1751, a letter was sent from Macassar to Jacob Mossel, the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, and the Council of Dutch India. The sender requested safe passage for someone named Costij, who was preparing to leave.

The writers signed off as obedient servants to the high authorities in Macassar.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8226 / 0023  


On 5 May 1751, a letter was sent from Macassar (modern-day Makassar, Indonesia) to Jacob Mossel, the Governor-General of the Dutch East Indies, and the Council of Dutch India. The writer requested safe passage for a person named Costij, who wished to leave Macassar.

The letter closed by placing the Dutch East India Company’s (VOC) important interests under God’s protection, with the writers signing off respectfully as "your widely commanding lords."

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8226 / 0021  


This is a collection of letters exchanged between officials in Macassar (modern-day Makassar, Indonesia) and the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in 1751.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8226 / 0019  



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