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At Timor in Castle Concordia on June 1, 1713, several merchant vessels were recorded at the harbor. Each had official passes and was captained by Chinese merchants:

The document was signed by Lucas Arentsz, sworn clerk.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1841 / 0061  


On June 21, 1705, a junior merchant named Abraham Patras was assigned to help the kings of Gorontalo and Limbotto. This was at the request of the king of Ternate to bring back some Tamboeco people who had fled from the Bay of Som. They planned to leave with the king's own ships and 9 vessels from Sula. Hendrik van der Burgh, who was the first clerk of the political secretariat, was to be part of this mission. The position of political secretary, which had been vacant since junior merchant and former secretary Jan Walraven de la Fontaine was suspended, was given to Abraham Patras as he was considered the most capable person for this job. On September 20 of the previous year, they had informed the authorities that at the urgent request of the king of Ternate, they had agreed to capture about 80 to 90 of his Tamboekse subjects who had been staying in Comyn and refused to return to their land.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1710 / 0581  


During a conflict in Ternate on June 21, 1705, fighting broke out between several groups. The Tomboer tribe had some of their women and children killed in their houses. When representatives from Gorontale and Limbotto came with 200 men in Corcorren ships, led by princes Magilaloe and Jntje magat, along with four guimilahas (local chiefs), violence erupted. The casualties were: The Gorontale and Limbotto forces captured: The captured Bugis people had made an agreement with the Tambockers to take them to Paloe in the month of Sabaan.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1710 / 0582  


In Ternate on June 21, 1705, the King of Ternate exchanged gifts of clothing with the King of Gorontalo. They received letters discussing a marriage proposal from Prince Toeboe Mandasola of Magindanao to Princess Essam, the daughter of the King of Ternate. There were concerns about prisoners in the region, and the authorities had little faith in local rulers' promises to hand over troublesome visitors for punishment in Macassar. On February 22, when ambassadors from Gorontalo and Limbotto departed, the King of Ternate sent gifts of clothing to the Kings of these regions in gratitude for their services. They also provided food for the people on the Corcor (boat). The authorities expressed displeasure that three small kingdoms had not immediately sent four captured Bugis people to them. The text concludes by noting that it was good that the King of Ternate declined the marriage proposal between Prince Toetoboe Mandarsaha and Princess Essam.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1710 / 0583  


On June 21, 1705, a letter discusses a marriage arrangement between the son of a ruler and the daughter of a translator named Roccia in Ternate. The marriage was initially considered fake by the government in Macassar. The arrangement affected travel between Ternate and Magindanao. The officials were not worried about complaints of mistreatment that might arise from this situation.

The letter thanks higher officials for approving the King of Ternate's request to keep Roccia, the first Bonese translator's daughter, because she was expected to marry his son, Prince Djouwbiang. However, on February 9, when Tsiamtia, a shaved Chinese person, returned, they received a strange message. The letter from Governor Willem de Roo and the council in Macassar, dated December 2, suggested that their report about keeping Roccia was considered suspicious, based on gossip from some women who had arrived. The officials strongly deny having any hidden motives in this matter.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1710 / 0584  


In Ternate on June 21, 1705, a princess was born. A translator named Poccia requested to return to her father via the ship Peperboom. The King of Ternate had initially taken the baby from the mother and brought it to his court. A Chinese interpreter named Tsiamtia had spoken quite harshly about this matter in Macassar in the presence of governor Willem de Roo. The king showed that he was only interested in the child, not the mother. He requested that Roccia be sent back to her father Carrelessang in Macassar on one of the departing ships. They could not refuse this request from the ruler. She was subsequently sent back on the ship Peperboom.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1710 / 0585  


On June 21, 1705, there were reports from Makassar about hostile actions by Prince Raginda. This matter was being considered by the Company in Batavia and Makassar. The necessary passes would be given for travel purposes. During these journeys, no one should experience any harassment.

The rebellious nature of Prince Raginda in inciting his followers to commit hostile acts in the land of Birdmnaro was already known on February 19 of that year, even before receiving the official letter from Makassar dated December 2 of the previous year. At the first opportunity, the Company would take appropriate measures against this as ordered.

Regarding the shipping routes of the Magindanao people, it was agreed that their voyages to Batavia and Makassar would not harm the Company's interests. It was hoped that this would discourage them from frequenting Manila, Borneo, and other regions. Therefore, when requested, travel passes would be granted to the Magindanao harbor master Montaramna.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1710 / 0586  


On June 21, 1705, a letter was sent regarding Chinese captains trading in Maccassar, Tontoly, and Manado. Prince Kirab sent messages to Maccassar, but the King of Kandipan, Willem Cornput, informed Sergeant Commander Daniel Jan Piron in Manado that their ships carried two letters written in Arabic characters in the Malay language. These letters were meant for the King of Maccassar or Goa.

This information was reported to Governor Willem de Roo and his council. The son of the Chinese captain in Maccassar, Ongwatko Ongiko, had previously requested permission for yearly trade voyages from Maccassar to Tontoly and Madagai. This request would be communicated to Sergeant Commander Daniel van Piron in Manado at the first opportunity.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1710 / 0587  


Several ships arrived in Malacca on March 9, 1702:
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8593 / 0201  


In Macassar on May 13, 1704, the former Chinese captain requested 2 barrels of whale oil. The authorities used a substance called alcakaan on the storage racks and access routes to prevent harmful pests from damaging the barrels. No tortoiseshell had been received except for 2 pieces belonging to the former Chinese captain Ongwatko. He requested permission to send these to Batavia on his small vessel, promising to offer them first to the Company before any other traders. His request was granted as there were no reasons to refuse. Regarding wax trade:
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8497 / 0347  


On October 21, 1697, a bill of exchange was received from Macassar via the sloop "de Geregtigheijt" on November 16, 1697. The text discusses a request for a flag position for a sober and quiet man who was the senior sergeant. The document also mentions bookkeeper Isaac Marmer, who paid 100 rijksdaalders by bill of exchange, to be received by his father-in-law, junior merchant Abraham Holseher.

The letter was signed by Isaac van Thije, L.R. de Bock, H.K. Steenkop, L.R. Scipion, A. Moll, J.S. Hackert, and Adriaan Thooft at Castle Rotterdam in Macassar. It was addressed to Governor-General W. van Outhoorn and the Council of the Dutch East Indies in Batavia. The letter mentions further correspondence was sent via the sloop of the Chinese Captain Ongwatko and the Christian Chinese Diogo.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8171 / 0274  


In 1701, several important political and diplomatic events took place in the Dutch East Indies. The King of Bouton sent envoys with a Malay letter requesting permission to transport slaves to Batavia and wage war against the people of Tambocko. Governor Cornelis Leernink and the council in Macassar wrote to the high authorities in Batavia on April 20, 1701. On April 18, 1701, a contract was signed between Governor Beernink and the council of Macassar on behalf of the Dutch East India Company with the Kings of Dompo, Tambora, Sangeer, and Pekert.

Captain Dielof Bladt and merchant Arnold Mol were sent to Chinrana on January 5, 1701 to attend celebrations for the birth of the youngest son and the circumcision and tooth-filing ceremonies of two older sons of Radja Boni. They reported back on March 22, 1701. Corporal Jan Vergenst was sent to the Tukabessi Islands on February 23, 1701 to remove spice trees.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8173 / 0005  


In a letter dated April 10, 1702 and April 22, 1702 from Macassar, various matters were discussed. The letter mentioned that sapanwood would be ready by the end of the month, and there was discussion about Chinese estates and their executors. Chinese people would not interfere with estates when excluded by testament or when other guardians were appointed.

Jacob Sandersz, bookkeeper at Bima, confirmed that the ordered sapanwood would be ready by month's end for loading onto ships. Governor Cornelis Beernink paid 2,000 rixdollars to be received by Jan Torant in Batavia.

The letter was signed by several officials:

On April 11, the King of Komij arrived at the castle to meet with the King of Bonm from Chinrana. They were there to receive letters and gifts. The King visited the governor and council in the fortress the next day to explain his quick visit during a period of mourning.

The letter was addressed to Willem van Outhoorn, Governor-General, and the Council of the Dutch East Indies in Batavia.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1663 / 0136  


In 1697, a messenger came to find Radja Bima in Macassar. He carried a pass from the governor-general and a letter from the ruler of Bantam. The messenger needed help finding horses and transporting them to Bantam, as he did not know how to load them onto Macassarese ships. The local people helped him with this task. As a sign of sincere friendship, they sent:

The letter was signed in Bima on Saturday, the 27th of Rabie Alawal. It mentions a Chinese sloop owned by Captain Ongwatko, carrying secretarial papers and salary books to Governor-General Willem van Outhoorn and the council members of the Dutch East Indies. A message from Governor Isaac van Thije was included.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8171 / 0229  


On May 14, 1702, a letter was sent from Macassar by Andries Werij, secretary at Castle Rotterdam. It was addressed to Governor-General Willem van Outhoorn and the Council of the Dutch Indies in Batavia. The letter mentioned a previous message sent on April 22 via a small boat belonging to the Chinese trader Ong Watko. They hoped that both this letter and another from April 10 had reached their destination via Bima on the ship Sir Jansland, carrying a full cargo of sappanwood. The letter discusses plans to demolish the walls of Goa without causing any disturbance, about which they had expressed positive expectations in their April 10 letter.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8172 / 0353  


On May 22, 1703, papers were sent from Timor to Batavia via the galliot 'de Dode' to Mr Willem van Outhoorn and the Council of the East Indies. The papers included:

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1676 / 0253  


In 1701, several important events took place involving the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in the East Indies. The King of Bouton sent requests through his ambassadors to the Governor-General, asking permission to transport slaves to Batavia and wage war against the people of Tambocko.

Governor Cornelis Leernink and the council at Macassar sent official papers to the high government in Batavia on April 20, 1701. They made contracts with the Kings of Dompo, Tambora, and Sangeer.

Captain Dielof Bladt and merchant Arnold Mol were sent to Chinrana to attend celebrations for the Raja of Boni's sons. These celebrations included:

On February 23, 1701, Corporal Jan Vergenst was sent to the Tukabessi Islands to remove spice trees. A Chinese person named Ongwatko was also mentioned in the records. The documents were compiled into a 45-page register of letters and attachments received from Macassar during 1701.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8173 / 0007  


In Ternate on June 7, 1706, a small boat sailed to Macassar. According to the King of Tagulanda, Philip Antonisz Macca-ampo, a large sailing vessel and a trading boat from Macassar had visited the island. Sergeant Piron reported that on the same date, a small vessel commanded by Manit had arrived. According to later correspondence from November 4, this vessel had continued its journey to Macassar on the first of that month. The King of Tagulanda noted in a letter that on November 2 in the evening moonlight, they had seen a large sailing vessel pass by, which they thought was a ship, though they could not determine its destination. Additionally, a letter from Manado dated November 4 of the previous year reported that on October 28, a vessel belonging to the Chinese Captain Ongwatko had arrived there with proper permission from Governor Joan Jacob Erbervelt of Macassar. This vessel intended to travel to and from Tomini.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8075 / 0071  


In Makassar on May 5, 1696, a small boat returned with Theunis Cleeff, a citizen of Batavia, from Ternate. The boat carried a copy for the Chinese Captain Ongwatko. Theunis van Cleeff had earlier tried to return home in early December, but after 8 days at sea, he came back unsuccessful. At the end of that month, he made a trip to Ternate and returned in early May. He brought a letter written on March 20 by Governor Cornelis van der Duijn and the council. This letter, a copy of which was enclosed, reported that Princess Gammalamoe had died on December 6. She had made her brother Prince Tolucko, king of Ternate, her universal heir. Separate reports indicated that people in Ternate were surprised that the ship Jambij had not yet arrived in Batavia. Since no news about this ship had been received, there were fears it might have met the same fate as the small ship De Wiltschut, though they remained hopeful for news from Amboina.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1579 / 1106  


On May 22, 1703, the following documents were sent from Timor to Batavia via the galliot "De Boode" for Willem van Outhoorn and the Council of the Dutch East Indies:
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8314 / 0281  


On October 20, 1704, a note from Macassar regarding the ship Drakesteyn was signed by Jan van Asson. He requested a payment of 135 guilders, 6 stuivers, and 11 pennies from the treasury. Since he was employed in this country and there were no opposing orders, his request was approved.

On the 16th, a vessel arrived from Magindanao with a letter from the young king Molane. The old king had died some time ago, according to the ship's captain. Since the letter contained only trivial greetings, they decided not to forward a copy. The governor questioned the captain, who reported that the region was peaceful, with no foreign ships seen in 6 years - neither English, French, nor other nations.

They had hoped that the old Chinese captain Ongwatko's boat would depart from the shore before these vessels left.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8497 / 0588  


On July 2, 1704, a letter was sent from Macassar to the Netherlands East Indies via the ship Eenhoorn. The letter was addressed to Governor-General Willem van Outhoorn in Batavia and the Council of the Indies. A copy was sent along in case the original was lost due to problems at sea.

An earlier message had been sent on May 13 via a small boat belonging to the former Chinese captain Ongwatko. The ship Eenhoorn was kept at Radjabori because they were waiting for Radjaboni to arrive from Chinrana at the castle. They believed this would allow them to better deliver their letter and accompanying gifts.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8497 / 0378  


On October 24, 1717, several trading vessels arrived in Macassar:

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8184 / 0357  


The document, dated May 22, 1703, describes trade activities in Timor. Various regional rulers made deliveries to the Dutch East India Company (VOC), including: The total delivery amounted to 419 pieces of sandalwood (5,125 pounds) and 16 pieces of wax (1,810 pounds). The Timorese regents requested old firearms, including muskets, carbines, and pistols, as well as unusable weapons and materials. Additionally, the Chinese merchant Ongwatko delivered 873 pounds of wax in 22 pieces. The second officer Thomas Brieda delivered 135 pounds in April, along with two chiefs from Soloer.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8314 / 0314  


In Macassar on August 13, 1703, between 20 and 30 trading vessels were found. The Buginese traders were buying tortoise shells and wax in the great inner bay of Cominij and Gorontalo. They transported these goods to Macassar. These traders were well-supplied with: The reporter learned that most of these vessels belonged to the Chinese Captain in Macassar, named Ongwatko. When these vessels returned to Macassar, many Buginese traders stayed behind in their temporary houses. They continued buying and trading for all available goods. Nobody else could get tortoise shells unless they paid with money. The people of Bangaij demanded one piece of blue salempuris cloth for one shell. For this reason, the reporter did not dare to trade or buy shells for his master's account. This was confirmed by clerk Isaac Ponhuijs and verified in Macassar at Castle Rotterdam on August 12, 1703 by clerk Abraham de Winter.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 8174 / 0330  



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