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Fully AI-GeneratedUsers of Open Archives can have summaries generated from the recognized texts (transcriptions) produced through text recognition (OCR) and handwriting recognition (HTR). Neither of these artificial intelligence tasks is perfect, but they are often more than sufficient to make the historical document understandable. In the transcripts, names are underlined in green and clickable (to search the personal entries on Open Archives for the name in question), the recognized dates have a light gray background and recognized place names have a light purple background. The results of the application of (European) artificial intelligence have not been verified by a human.


On April 25, 1778, in St. Eustatius, several people made sworn statements in front of witnesses. The witnesses included Abraham Heyliger Junior, Nicolas Gravale, Benjamin Zames Callahan, Lodewyk Lindesay, and John Sames. Alexander Leserna served as secretary, and Anthony Beauijon was the chief clerk who verified the document.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.05.01.02 / 1309 / 0155  


On April 16, 1778, several residents of Sint Eustatius made a sworn statement to Alexander Lefenne, Secretary of the Dutch West India Company. The residents were Alexander Brownlie, James Callahan, John James Georgeson, Lodewyk Lindesay, and Indah Benjamin. They testified about events that occurred two evenings prior at sunset at the Scandal Hall, a small covered area near the mountain path.

They reported that Abraham Ravené, son of the Commandant Abraham Ravené, was present and spoke about a recent gathering of citizens at Fort Oranje. He said he had been afraid for his father's life during this meeting, because:

The statement was translated from Dutch to English for those witnesses who did not speak Dutch, and was witnessed by Abraham Heyliger Junior and Nicolas Gravall. The document was certified as a true copy on April 25, 1778 by First Clerk Anthony Beaujon.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.05.01.02 / 1309 / 0154  


In St. Eustatius on September 3, 1732, Peter and Jan Hegliger, along with Frederick Berwout, made a shipping manifest for the brigantine Thomas. The cargo included: The document was witnessed by Jan Ceijs and Salomon de Leon, and signed by F. Gono. Willem Storvis served as Secretary. The total value was 1,007 pounds.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.05.01.02 / 620 / 0378  


On December 31, 1707, at around 6 PM, Rebora Wavarra, wife of Abraham Arocha, appeared before notary Dirck Van der Groe in Amsterdam. Though sick, she was mentally sound and able to speak clearly. She wanted to make her last will and testament.

She made the following bequests:

She named her sister Sara Navarra, wife of Joseph Torres, as her sole heir. If Sara died first, her descendants would inherit her share. The will was witnessed by Albeet Tenham and Willem Dafaij at the testatrix's house on the Heerengracht opposite the plantation.

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In a series of legal statements recorded in Amsterdam in 1660, several incidents were documented:

First, on July 22, 1660, Catarine acted as a broker in a transaction involving coarse fabric. Francois van Lijsoone stood as guarantor for his mother Saertje Francois in a matter involving 80 guilders.

Second, on August 6, 1660, three women testified about a violent incident:

They witnessed Juriaen Juriaenssen, a baker living on Verwersgraft, hitting Maritje Teunis with a broomstick. His wife prevented him from causing more harm by holding him back.

Finally, Catarine Stalberch, a 28-year-old seamstress living in the Salmandersteech near the Nieuwe Marct, testified that Constantia, wife of Hendrick van Nes (a brandy seller), had publicly called Stijntje Lamberts (a fruit seller) a matchmaker, witch, old cow, and thief.

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In Suriname during the years 1771-1773, several land surveying activities took place. Riek Hendriksen submitted a request to the Director General and council in April 1773. Land surveyor J.T. de Saffon received instructions to measure plantations. P.L. de Saffon was authorized to measure Riek Hendriksen's plantation and submitted a report on May 24, 1771. The records discuss plantation boundaries between Hoebaboe and Camonien. Land surveyor Masso certified the moving of boundary markers on P.F. Lebou's plantation. The commissioners ordered Charles des Baraks to:
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On June 5, 1776, P. L. de Saffon disputed charges made by Secretary Roeteringh. The Secretary had claimed that Saffon appeared in person and submitted a written request, charging him for these services. Saffon called this billing false, as he had never presented such a request. In earlier notes from December 29, 1774, the Secretary had admitted it was possible no written request was submitted, yet he had still charged for one. Councillor J. Bourda was actually the person who had appeared, not Saffon. The Secretary's habit of charging for services not rendered likely came from routine billing practices that benefited his purse. While the Secretary may have made this error due to poor record-keeping rather than intentionally, Saffon was justified in disputing the false charges without this being considered an insult to the Secretary's person or position.

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In Demerara, there was a dispute between I. J. de Saffon and J. E. Vogde. On January 1, 1775, the Commander and Council of Demerara were asked to report on this matter. On May 22, 1775, this request was given to P. L. de Saffon for his input. P. L. de Saffon responded on July 11, 1776, and was asked to provide details about the land and Company path he mentioned in his report. P. L. de Saffon then requested:

This land started from J. E. Vogdt's boundary downwards, behind the grounds of van der Oudermeulen, van Helsdingen, and J. C. de Saffon. The Commander and Council approved this on March 22, 1777. On July 29, 1777, van der Oudermeulen and van Helsdingen filed a complaint about damage to their coffee plantation Ruimveld due to the land granted behind their plantation. They suggested a way to compensate P. L. de Saffon. The Chamber of Zeeland responded on August 18, 1777, requesting more information and ordering a halt to any actions that might harm the complainants until further notice. The court in Demerara received these documents on November 20, 1777, and postponed their review.

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In Macassar on May 3, 1760, the small kingdom of Sandrebonij was located within Macassar on the western shore of Celebes, between the Company's lands of Galissong and Poelembankeeng. Though small, it was independent from Goach, having formed a brotherhood with the Macassarans during the reign of Macassaran king Toema Paai sikakalonna while maintaining their freedoms and privileges.

The town wasn't directly on the sea but sat on a river. It was walled and built at the same time as Samboupa and Tello. The kingdom shared a similar fate with Goach or Macassar, and most of its kings came from the royal house of Goach. Mappa Doelong, who later became king of Goach, ruled this small kingdom during the war led by commander Speelman, and signed treaties in 1667 and 1669, along with his administrator Caraleng Banjo anjer and other nobles.

The kingdom of Bom extended during the peace of Bonija along the western shore of the Bom bay from the Tsjinrana river to the Salemek river, approximately 20 miles inland. It bordered Soping, Lamoeroe, Macassar, and Boele Boele. This kingdom was traditionally free and independent. According to their history, their first king descended from heaven. He had no name but was commonly called Matta selompo, meaning "the all-seeing."

He married a princess from the town of Toro near Bomi, who had also descended from heaven. They had one son named Laoemassa and five daughters: Pattanawanoea, Bolonglela, Tanrisal ogan, Tanairoonrong, and Wearatiga. All subsequent kings descended from them. Of their descendants born to royal princesses, only Aroe Palacca, the grandmother of the current king of Goach, and her children remain alive. This first king established the laws of peace.

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In Makassar on May 3, 1760, Moelaphan ob mangerangie (later known as Toemaliangari-Tiamor) died in 1639 after returning from an expedition to Timor. His son Mapaija (known as Harol Narra) succeeded him at only seven months old. During his minority, his uncle Pattingaloang and later Caraleng Bonto songo supported him. In 1655, this king personally joined the Makassarese expedition to Bontou. He signed the Confirmation Contract on March 13, 1668, and the separate agreement on July 15, 1669 with the Company. He traveled to Batavia with Mr. Speelman and died in 1673 in Sumbawa. His son Abdul Carie (later known as Toemenanga-ri-Pasirin nganna) succeeded him. Nothing notable was recorded about him except his death in January 1709. His son Maurabia or Nadja Iradia Moedin (later known as Toemamenanga-ri-djawaija) succeeded him. While Makassarese records state his brother succeeded him after his death, Company records show that his brother Mapai-nga or sapie oedin (also called Limpangan) was only chosen after their father's death in 1739, following his flight from Gowa to Tello in 1735. He became the grandfather of the current Karaeng of Tello and regent of the king of Gowa. Although he was properly elected according to Tello's contract and swore the agreement both personally and for the kingdom of Gowa, he openly declared his unwillingness to deal with the Company. Mappa orangie or Caraleng Candjilo (later known as Tamaliang-a-ri gaoekanna) was elected King of Gowa in 1732 and ruled both kingdoms until 1724, when he gave up the kingdom of Tello to his son Mappa.
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On June 1, 1738, Jacob Alewijn Ghijzen Junior of Dieke van Heker appointed Adrian Baars as his legal representative (notary).
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On March 31, 1721, Dieke Dirk Samer made a declaration to the postal worker Pieter Adrian Baars, who was a notary.
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On January 29, 1746, in Cochim, officials wrote about problems with timber transport and territorial disputes. They stated they would address the East India Company about matters concerning Cailan. They warned that if their concerns were not properly addressed, they would cease protecting Coilan. The king of Trevancore was attempting to take control of their kingdom without justification. The letter mentions that they were pleased to learn about arrangements for: However, these plans were disrupted when the rajadoor (local official) of the raja of Paroe, named Mangalapallij, stopped and seized the timber shipment on his own authority. The letter was:
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From Malabar on the last day of April 1730, there was news about the King of Cochin. He continued his unstable behavior, which was causing his kingdom to decline. A letter sent to Batavia on April 30 of that year contained several examples of this. The daily records from May 16, 21, 22, and 23 showed that this king had committed hostile acts against Bellofte Nambaer, who was a vassal of the East India Company and under their protection. The king treated the landowner so badly that he was forced to submit to him and pay: This was recorded in the native daily register on May 25.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 9012 / 0371  


On November 4, 1696, at about 10am, Isaac Navarro, a merchant in Amsterdam, made his last will and testament while sick in bed but still of sound mind. He appeared before notary Dirck van der Groe and witnesses.

He left the following legacies:

The remainder of his estate was to be divided equally between his mother Rifica Navarro and his sisters Hester Navarro and Rachel Navarro.

The will was witnessed by David Davila and Abraham Semachferro at the testator's house on the Houtgraft near the Rotterdam Bridge.

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Here's a summary in HTML:

In Amsterdam, on August 1, 1691, Elisabeth Haringh, widow of Cristoffel, aged about 74, appointed Abraham Imans as her legal representative due to her old age and physical weakness.

On August 6, 1691, Jan Turner the younger, who worked as a sailor on the ship Oudijck under Captain Pieter van Haer, appointed his father Jan Burnerd to collect 250 guilders from Pieter Daly, the bookkeeper in Vlissinge. This was part of a 350-guilder compensation for losing his fingers while on duty.

On August 19, 1691, Elisabeth de Bruijn, aged about 56, widow of Fredrick de Bruijn and mother of Captain Joan de Bruijn, appointed Jeronimo Nunes Dacosta to collect various sugar shipments on the island of St. Tome from Manuel da Silva da Costa and others. These collections included several written obligations from 1682 and 1683.

On August 19, 1691, Hendrick Jansz vander Sluijs, a house carpenter, and his sick wife Jannetje Bartels made their last will, naming each other as universal heirs to their possessions.

On August 20, 1691, Sander Cornelis, his wife Jannetje Pieters, and their nephew Albert Pietersz, who lived together at the sawmill outside the Uitterse gate, made their mutual testament while in good health.

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On September 1, 1785, at the office of notary Adrian Baars in Amsterdam, Mrs. Abraham Joseph Lever (a widow) appeared to authorize Salomon Eliop de Leon, who was traveling to Saint Eustatius, to act on her behalf. He was given power to collect money owed to her by Philip Benjamin and Raphael Benjamin, who lived in Saint Eustatius, according to their written records and documents. He received permission to:

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On December 15, 1746 in Fort Orange on Saint Eustatius, several merchants made sworn declarations about their trade activities. Jan Aartsen, Jan Woodhouse, Olivier de Precotien, Joseph Robles, Phillip Benjamin, and Louis Puech were present. During this meeting, Louis Puech admitted to taking a saddle to Grand-Terre for personal use. Jan Phillip Joons confessed that in October 1745, he transported 2,000 pounds of gunpowder to Basse-Terre, Guadeloupe for a Frenchman named Jean Bignon. Joseph Lindesay admitted to taking a sword belonging to a Frenchman to Guadeloupe after war was declared between England and France on June 3, 1744.

The merchants swore under oath that since the declaration of war, they had not traded any of the following contraband goods with the French colonies in America:

The document was signed by Commander Johannes Heyliger Pieterz, Jasper Ellis, Johannis Markoe, Abraham Heyliger Junior, Matthias B.l. Salomons, and Jacob Cuvilje. It was certified by interim secretary Jan Godlieb Frederic and later verified by secretary Jan de Wind on December 16, 1746.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.05.01.02 / 622 / 0884  


In the period before January 25, 1747, several Dutch merchant ships were captured by English privateers in the Caribbean: The ship "Young Benjamin" owned by Philip Benjamin and Hendrik Leevij, captained by Willem Clercq, was headed to Rio de Berbichel when it was captured near Dominica by the English privateer "Aurora" under Captain Jacob Heegens. The ship and its cargo of cod, mackerel, butter, and oil were condemned by Judge Benjaminking in Antigua. The total loss amounted to 3,964 pieces of eight. Andries Ravene's ship "Carolus" under Captain Thomas Hassell, bound for Suriname, was captured just outside the harbor by the privateer "Brimstoonkill" under Captain Israel Sammersall. The ship was taken to St. Christoffel where Judge William Pin Burt condemned its cargo of 68,500 pounds of salted fish. The total loss was 6,915 pieces of eight. The schooner "Prosperity," owned by Heijliger, Doncker and Jeems, captained by Jan Jeems, was captured near Basseterre by the privateer "Dart." The ship was traveling from St. Eustatius to Barbice via Guadeloupe. Its cargo of salted meat, cod, mackerel, wine, and dry goods was condemned by Judge William Pijm Burt, resulting in a loss of 3,930 pieces of eight. Appeals were filed under bond for all three cases.

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On March 7, 1693, a transaction took place in Amsterdam involving a bond worth 3,000 guilders. Jan Sooners and his wife Jacoba Soerbeek transferred this bond to a buyer. The bond was originally dated May 6, 1692. David des Pommare and Gerrit vander Goee witnessed this transfer. Later, on March 7, 1693, Dirck vander Groe, a notary in Amsterdam, visited Jacobus vander Linden, a merchant, on behalf of Isaack Navarro, another merchant. The visit concerned a bill of exchange from Hamburg dated February 21, 1693. Vander Linden did not accept the bill immediately, saying he was waiting for advice expected on Monday or for the arrival of a ship carrying goods. Johannes Seullijn and Jacobus Leper witnessed this event. The bill of exchange was for 1,000 thalers at 34 stuivers, payable six days after sight, issued by Jacob Abbas and directed to Jacobus van der Linder in Amsterdam.
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A series of legal declarations and testimonies took place in Amsterdam on August 9, 1691 and August 23, 1694. The documents describe various business transactions and disputes:

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On April 14, 1693, several transactions and protests were recorded by notary Dirck van der Groe in Amsterdam:

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On May 19, 1691, Huijbert Hoffmeester, a master cabinet maker in Amsterdam, testified that Jan Salkenburgh had worked in his shop for 3 years and completed his apprenticeship satisfactorily. On May 21, 1691, Isaack Navarro, a merchant in Amsterdam, declared he had three bills of exchange:

These bills were sent to London on April 6 but were thrown overboard when French forces intercepted the packet boat. Navarro endorsed replacement bills to Jacques Van Faro in Antwerp. Also on May 21, 1691, Benjamin Burlamacht of Amsterdam agreed to sail to the East Indies as chief merchant on the ship Silversteijn for the East India Company. He received 1,500 Carolus guilders from Guilliam Pels as a loan against his cargo. After arriving in Batavia, he promised to repay 2,500 guilders to Wouter Valkemer, plus 30 guilders per hundred as a premium, totaling 3,250 guilders.

View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 606947 / 65  


On July 5, 1692, notary Dick van der Groe went to merchant Cnuijdus Boermans in Amsterdam at the request of merchant Isaack Navarro to demand payment for a bill of exchange. The bill was originally issued in Hamburg on May 31, 1692 by Johan Balthasar Treijer for 450 guilders at 34¼ stuivers each. The bill was payable to Philip de Dobbeler or his order. Boermans responded that he had just seen the bill and would pay it through the cash office the next day. The notary then formally protested about the non-immediate payment and any damages or interest that might result.

The bill was endorsed on June 28, 1692 in Namburg by Philip de Dobbeler to Isaack Navarro for the value of Jacob Abbas's heirs. The document was witnessed by Gerrit van der Groe and David de Pommare.

View transcript NL-AsdSAA / 606874 / 45  


On June 8, 1723, Jacob Nunes Almeijda appeared before Dirk van Veld, a legal clerk in Suriname. Though sick in bed, he was mentally sound and wanted to make his last will.

He made the following arrangements:

He made special conditions about his slaves: they could only be sold to masters they themselves chose. If the heirs did not come to Suriname, the slaves could only be sold to masters they approved of. The executor was instructed not to sell any property but to rent it out for the benefit of the heirs.

View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.05.11.14 / 6 / 0081  



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