Users of Open Archives can have summaries generated from the recognized texts (transcriptions) produced through text recognition (OCR) and handwriting recognition (HTR). Neither of these artificial intelligence tasks is perfect, but they are often more than sufficient to make the historical document understandable. In the transcripts, names are underlined in green and clickable (to search the personal entries on Open Archives for the name in question), the recognized dates have a light gray background and recognized place names have a light purple background. The results of the application of (European) artificial intelligence have not been verified by a human.
On 26 May 1679, a report from Macassar discussed political tensions and alliances involving several local leaders and the Dutch.
- Crouron, a figure of high status due to his noble lineage, had returned to Tello after leaving. Though initially expected to seek support or protection from the Dutch, he instead acted against their interests. The Dutch decided it was best to avoid conflict with him, given his influence and ties to Radja Bonij (also called Raja Bone).
- Crouron's son, Crain Cabeloucan, had planned to follow his father to Mandar after Crouron's departure. The Dutch, upon learning this, brought the son to their fort for safekeeping until his father returned. He was then housed in the new camp near the castle.
- The Dutch admitted that, despite their efforts, they could not have stopped Crouron from fleeing by sea, even if they tried. They believed it was wiser to handle such leaders with discretion rather than constant opposition.
- The Dutch also mentioned the request from the King of Bina to keep an elderly man named Crainpopo with them. They saw no harm in this, as Crainpopo was peaceful and caused no trouble. He was also a friend of Crouron, and his son, Crain Bontemlompo, had even asked for Dutch protection.
- Arouw Tieballe, a representative of Radja Bonij, was sent to Bontoale with a message for the leaders of Bone. He delivered the message and returned on 20 May, reporting that Radja Bonij was ready to come to the Dutch castle with his people and ships, as ordered, before heading to Batavia. However, Radja Bonij asked if other kings from Mandar, such as Tadja Mamoehje, Parampawan, Madjeme, and Biewangh, should also be summoned. When told this was not in the letter, Arouw Tieballe refused to pass on the request.
- After Arouw Tieballe's departure, envoys sent by the Dutch to Chindrana complained about the usual representatives of Radja Bonij, including Arouw Poutjonkaja, Tovengangh, and Torabbi.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1347 / 0750
On 26 May 1639, a report from Macassar noted several key points:
- Dutch-style fine linen ("Guinees lijnwaet") was unavailable, but English and Delhi-style linen was plentiful. This linen was brought in large quantities each year by the Malay Annaghoda Pesani.
- It was unclear whether this linen was suitable for local use, and since the monsoon season for traveling there had passed, no further orders could be given to Bollaart at that time.
- Inspectors, including Bollaart, had left on 29 March (after a 7-day delay due to waiting for assistance) to inspect nutmeg trees on the islands of Toekab, Caronij, and Coellipoeso. Their mission's outcome would be reported later.
- The people of Goa were described as completely impoverished. The King of Ternate could no longer rely on them for support.
- The Sultan of Tello struggled to pay the annual tribute of 1,400 tx (currency) owed by the Saleijkese people. The land was barren, and crops failed, forcing them to import rice from Boelecomba. They also reported a poor cotton harvest, which local women and children used to make clothes. Finding another way to settle this debt would greatly benefit these people, who remained respectful and loyal toward the Dutch.
- A letter from Macassar, dated 26 May 1679, arrived with the ship Prins Rotterdam. It mentioned that during a visit by the Radja of Tamparang (for the construction of a large Mancassaers house bought from the Radja of Saderbonij for 50 Rx), a feast was held. The Dutch hosted the Radja of Tamparang, his officials, the Radja of Tello (with his wife, daughter of Crain Cronron), and other nobles, including children of the King of Goa and Galarans under Dutch protection.
- The Dutch provided food: 2 black buffalo, 1 sheep, 400 pounds of rice, and additional supplies prepared by the widow of Prins Calematte and wives of Crain Lincques, Vandain Maleuwa, and Crain Geissen.
- During the feast on 15 May, the Radja of Tamparang requested to dance on a large Persian carpet. He then pledged his loyalty to the Dutch East India Company (VOC), offering his sword (Crits) and dagger (canjer) as symbols of his commitment to serve by land and sea whenever needed.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1347 / 0745
On 26 May 1679, a ship from Makassar arrived unexpectedly in good weather, carrying only 19 lasten (about 38 metric tons) and 45 maeten (small units of measurement). The ship left without proper paperwork or a cargo list, abandoning the bookkeeper and 7 men who had been sent to receive the rice shipment. This forced the crew to quickly prepare the longboat Greminghn to retrieve the stranded men. The ship later returned with a cargo of 23 lasten.
The settlement was running out of wood, including beams and planks. To solve this, the ship De Perel was sent to Amboina to request help from Governor Robbert de Vicq and his council. They asked for as many baije (a type of wood) and affuijt (finished) planks as could be spared. Once these arrived, the ship De Pelzel would sail to Buton to bring back a load of cajaten (teak) wood.
On 3 March, the junior merchant Claes Bollaert was sent on the ship Rotterdam with a letter to the king and leaders of Buton, along with gifts for the local officials (goegoegoe). His instructions were included in the secretary’s documents. After receiving a letter on 10 March (delivered on 27 March) confirming that the fluyt ship Buuren would be sent to Buton at the start of the monsoon to load wood, another longboat, Japara, was sent on 5 April with supplies and money.
On 6 May, Bollaert reported in a letter that he had arrived in Buton on 12 March. The king and officials had accepted the gifts and agreed on wood prices:
The prices were considered high. Additionally, 16,000 marosse (bundles) of rice, which usually sold for ¾ to 1 Rx: (another currency unit) per thousand, were traded for wood at 1¼ tx: per thousand. Copper was offered at 8 stx: for 1100 lb, but the quality was so poor that an extra 3 tx: had to be paid. The iron offered was also rejected.
The planks from De Pelzel, arriving from Amboina, would be loaded onto Rotterdam and a longboat, then sent back as quickly as possible. However, cutting the wood in Buton was progressing slowly.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1347 / 0743
On 26 May 1679, a report from Macassar discussed several key events involving Dutch traders (referred to as vandaalen):
- Ships arriving in Bima to load sappanwood (a valuable red dye wood) were allowed to leave without delay.
- The fort Bonij Sorg in Calonkon was under siege by the King of Tambora, who had support from around 110 people from Bima and Dompo. However, the people of Bima and Dompo did not seem fully committed to the fight, so the Dutch did not expect this conflict to cause them any trouble. Because of the war, the King of Tambora had not yet delivered the 400 piculs (about 24,000 kg) of sappanwood he had promised the Dutch in exchange for 400 taels (a type of currency) paid the previous year. Despite the conflict, Bima itself remained peaceful.
- Toerilia Gampo had requested permission the previous year to keep 4 small metal cannons (weighing 217 pounds or about 173.4 Dutch pounds) to pay for sappanwood. The Dutch official Coerelia Gampo supported this request, as he considered Toerilia Gampo an honest man.
- Crain Jerinika had promised the Dutch in Bima that he would sail to them soon with around 30 ships and his gathered people. The Dutch, however, were cautious, as they suspected he and others like him were more like pirates than honest envoys. They planned to be careful about giving such groups official permissions in the future.
- A report from Telolo mentioned that Sumbawa Najawa had crossed over and was staying with Crain Geisson at Capper.
- The King of Bima had asked the Dutch to allow an old man named Ciain Popo (who had been called there at the request of the king’s wife, raised by Crain Popo) to stay a little longer. The Dutch agreed, as they saw no issue with it.
- Upon the Dutch official’s departure from Bima, they left behind a shipment of cloth worth ƒ2,448:19:3 (Dutch guilders) with assistant Willem Eijckmans, plus an additional ƒ1,261:15:6 still owed, totaling ƒ3,710:4:9. This amount was meant to cover the newly purchased sappanwood and daily expenses.
- On 21 January of that year, the Dutch had sent the ship De Perel to Amboina. The ship had initially arrived in Macassar with a load of rice from Bima but had sprung a leak. After repairs, it was sent to Boele Comba to load around 45 lasten (about 90,000 kg) of rice, which was Boele Comba's share of the harvest for that year. However, the ship’s captain, Frans van Eijs, was known for acting on his own rather than following orders.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1347 / 0741
The letter, written in Makassar on 26 May 1679, discusses military and trade matters involving the Dutch.
- The writer notes that 18 cannons (received from the ship St. Janskercken of the Vereenigde Oostindische Compagnie (VOC)) would be useful for defense, especially near the land gate, where they could deter attacks and cover the entire area.
- Trade in Sumba is described as risky due to:
- Ongoing conflicts against the King of Bima.
- Unsafe waters near Krap (likely a port or region).
- The violent nature of the local people.
- Adriaen van Daalen, a merchant and fiscal officer, returned from Sumbawa via Bima on the St. Janskercken and reported:
- He secured only 403 piculs (a weight unit) of sapanwood (a valuable dyewood) from a Moor named Codja Derwits, who still owes a large debt.
- The rulers of Sumbawa promised to strictly monitor rice harvests to ensure the VOC receives payment the following year.
- Codja Derwits claims interest is owed by the Sumbawans, but the VOC will address this only after recovering the principal debt.
- Van Daalen also bought 931 piculs of sapanwood in Bima for 500 pesos in cash and the rest in cloth, which arrived on the St. Janskercken.
- No more sapanwood is expected from the region this year.
- The deposed King of Sumbawa was in Salemparang for the funeral of the late queen of Bima, so Van Daalen couldn’t discuss the outstanding debt of 800 reals and 15,000 piculs of sapanwood owed by the king and local leaders. The king left orders for officials to urge payment upon his return.
The VOC plans to keep pressing for repayment of these debts.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1347 / 0739
- On 26 May 1679, a trade report from Macassar detailed profits of ƒ6,542.6 from sales, though some goods like wax and sandalwood sold below expected prices (only 50 tx for wax and Rix 16 for sandalwood).
- The highest profits came from Saldiek fabrics, sold at 36 tx per unit, mostly to local traders (corante) and leased partnerships. Many fabrics remained unsold in warehouses, risking further losses.
- To avoid losses, on 16 November, Claas Bollaert (a junior merchant) was sent to Saldiek with a ship, the Nagelboom, carrying fabrics worth tx 1,954 (or ƒ5,862) to sell.
- A prior deal with Saleijer included 1,997 fabrics to be delivered by April–May, with 700 already received. Another 468 were promised from earlier debts owed by de Rijs.
- Plans were made to exchange remaining fabrics for wax, sandalwood, or other goods in Caijeli or Passir before the eastern monsoon.
- Trade with Schiepatshoorn (northern islands) was unreliable, with small shipments causing delays. Direct deals with the Panglima Maas (king of Passir) were preferred over multiple small traders to avoid bad debts.
- Local Malay ships from Malacca supplied enough coarse fabrics, reducing the need for the Dutch East India Company (VOC) to bring them.
- A May 1678 letter noted difficulties in obtaining long iron cannons for Fort Rotterdam in Macassar. The fort’s chest-high walls (originally 6 feet thick) were weakened by cannon fire, so they were reduced to 3 feet where guns were placed, keeping the rest at 6 feet.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1347 / 0737
In a letter from Makassar, dated 26 May 1679, officials reported the following:
- The ship Rotterdam had arrived the previous year with a cargo of 8,190 cans, worth ƒ633:16:—.
Regarding the murder of two Dutch citizens, Jan Bernardus and Christiaen Huijbertse, on Cailij:
Regarding trade:
- A small cargo shipment worth ƒ17,161:2:8 (based on Makassar prices) was sent to Passir on 25 August 1678 via the chaloupe Gremlingen, under Under-Merchant S:r Prins.
- Unsold goods returned, reducing the total purchase value to ƒ8,358:14, with a net profit of ƒ14,901.
- Outstanding payments included:
- 36 corgie (720 pieces) of Saletijers cloth sold to Pangeran Maas at Rx: 36 per corgie.
- 100 pieces of tape sarassa and 70 pieces of dragam maleije fabric.
- 70 pieces of inquanias at 32 stx: per corgie.
- Pangeran Maas promised to pay in April or May with sandalwood at an agreed rate.
- The remaining goods included:
- 27,559 lb of wax (worth ƒ10,101:15).
- 250 bundles of bintrottingh (bought for Rx: 12½, totaling ƒ93:15).
- 10 pieces (1,270 lb) of harpuijs (costing ƒ13:10).
- The returned goods totaled ƒ10,209, with outstanding payments of ƒ4,692, bringing the total to ƒ14,901.
- The initial cargo investment was ƒ8,358:14.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1347 / 0735
The letter from Makassar, dated 26 May 1639, reports the following:
- The ruler Trokajaja had regained power and was near Kadirij, while Crain Geisson remained in Capper without having made any agreement with the Dutch East India Company (VOC).
- The noble admiral Hurdt had left for Batavia aboard the Saint Martin, leaving command to major Poleman.
- Due to constant opposition and high waters, the VOC could not take action, delaying progress in the region.
- The ship Nagtegael, which left with a response letter on 24 January, had not yet arrived, nor had the ships Calkoen or Mangusboom.
- The people of Bantam were closely watching the war in East Java and adjusting their actions based on their interests, particularly regarding the presence of Ladja Palacca.
- The coconut oil from Cayeli was of poor quality, but since it was widely used, its price had dropped. A small container (about 1 liter) cost no more than 1.5 stuivers (Dutch coins).
- The oil often leaked during transport, and when used for cooking, it spoiled quickly. It was mainly traded for cloth, but negotiations were difficult because traders had to wait for the locals to prepare the oil, which took a long time.
- The trade was not profitable enough to cover the costs of VOC operations, but since Cayeli was under VOC supervision, a ship would be sent yearly or every two years to check on the situation.
- A possible contract with Cayeli could ensure better-quality cooked coconut oil, similar to what locals used for frying fish. Even if it cost 12 times more than the current price, it might still be worthwhile.
- The ship Sint Janskercken had unloaded 14 barrels, 8 meat barrels, 4 fat barrels, and 30 half-barrels of Cayeli coconut oil.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1347 / 0733
On 26 May 1679, a list of documents was prepared in Makassar to be sent to Governor-General Rijcklof van Goens and the Council of India aboard the ship Jans Kercken. The documents included:
- An original letter from President Jacob Cops and the Council of Makassar, dated 26 May 1679.
- A copy of a letter from and to the Council, dated 15 May 1679.
- A report from merchant Adriaen Vandaelen about his activities in and around Bima and Sumbawa, dated 14 May 1679.
- Copies of outgoing papers for Batavia from 6 October 1678 to 20 May 1679.
- Copies of incoming papers for Batavia from 13 October 1678 to 14 May 1679.
- Two letters in Malay from the King of Tambora, one addressed to Governor-General Rijcklof van Goens and the other to Director-General Cornelis Speelman, received on 31 October via a local leader named Jutchie Souloungh.
- An invoice for the cargo loaded onto the ship Jans Kercken.
- A receipt for the same cargo.
In a letter from Makassar to Batavia, also dated 26 May 1679, the writers addressed Governor-General Rijcklof van Goens and the Council of India. They mentioned that on 15 May, they had sent a local leader named Touantje van Wadio to the palace of a high-ranking ally in Makassar with a copy of an earlier agreement, which they respected.
The letter also responded to a previous message from the Governor-General, dated 27 March, which arrived via the Jans Kercken. They explained that they first heard about the capture of Kadirij (likely Kediri in Java) from a Chinese trader named Chiko, who arrived on New Year’s Day. Since the news lacked details, they fired the fortress cannons to celebrate cautiously. Later, after receiving confirmation from the Governor-General’s letter, they held a full celebration on 7 April, including a day of thanksgiving and lighting fires for joy, as Trunajaya (a rebel leader) had reportedly been captured by the Dutch forces.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1347 / 0731
- On 15 May 1679, a report from Macassar discussed political tensions in the region, particularly involving Radja Sopingh and Radja Bonij.
- Radja Sopingh had left his home after a dispute, fearing accusations of jealousy. He had earlier removed a ruler named Matoulen (also called the King of Tannete).
- The writers noted that Radja Sopingh’s land was being ruled by the illegitimate children of the old Radja Sopingh, excluding the rightful king. This was allegedly part of a plan by Radja Palacca.
- There were concerns that Radja Bonij wanted to take control of Sopingh, just as he had previously tried to dominate Bonij. The writers doubted whether Radja Bonij could be stopped, as he had already gained too much influence.
- Radja Bacque had attempted to bring back his wife, the sister of Radja Bonij, but she refused. Instead, he decided to marry a 22-year-old woman named Dain Dapanij from the house of Sabito, though he did not formally divorce his first wife.
- The writers discussed military support with Radja Tamparangh, who claimed loyalty to the Dutch East India Company (VOC). He promised to provide 2,000 men, including kings and nobles, if needed for a campaign (likely against Bantam or in support of the Mataram Empire against Trunajaya). However, he lacked ships to transport them.
- The Mancassar leaders living near the Dutch castle also pledged support, offering 600 men, including 300 experienced soldiers. Their community had grown to around 3,000 people, but they also lacked ships.
- The ship Janskercken arrived with a small cargo: only 1,334 piculs of sapphwood (a type of dye), some clove oil, wax, and metal cannons (which were not useful in Macassar). The cargo was less than expected due to excuses from traders in Sumbawa and Bima.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1347 / 0729
In a letter from Macassar dated 15 May 1679, officials reported that without intervention, the land of Loubouw would likely face renewed conflict and destruction. They decided not to act further without clearer orders, especially since the ship De Kalkhoen had not yet arrived with supplies.
The letter also mentioned that Radja Bonij had sent envoys and letters without their approval, but no major conflicts were occurring across Celebes. However, Radja Sopingh had written to Matoulon (a deposed king of Tannete), complaining about his sister, Datoja Riwata, who refused to let him rule his kingdom. He accused her of submitting to Radja Bonij, who had stationed two representatives—Arouw Bella and Arou Mariouw—to oversee Sopingh and assist his sister. Radja Sopingh begged Matoulon to inform the Dutch East India Company (VOC) of his struggles, fearing he was too weak to resist Radja Bonij alone. He also asked Matoulon not to believe any false rumors spread about him.
Additionally, Radja Bacque had recently visited Macassar and shared that Radja Sopingh had secretly stayed in Laboeje (a place linked to his wife, the daughter of Radja Ipamanne). While there, some of his supporters had urged him to return to Sopingh. Radja Sopingh reportedly refused, saying he would only return if Radja Bonij treated him with the respect he deserved. He had also asked Radja Tamparangh for help three times, but was ignored, as Radja Tamparangh claimed to be too busy with his own affairs.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1347 / 0727
The Council of India wrote to Governor-General Rijcklof van Goens and the Honorable Directors of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) on May 15, 1679, confirming receipt of their letter from March 10, 1679, delivered by the ship Janskercken on April 27.
- The ship’s cargo was unloaded, inspected, and matched with its invoice. On April 7, the goods were sent with fiscal officer Adriaen van Daelen to Sumbawa to load sappanwood before returning via Bima.
- The Toadjor Toantje, a ship usually sailing for the ruler of Macassar, was preparing to depart. Meanwhile, Arouw Tjeballe received orders from the ruler of Macassar (referred to as His Highness Palacca) and, with Captain Malarij, first traveled to Mandar to urge the rulers of Mandar and Boni to either come to Macassar or go to Batavia.
- If they refused, Radja Bellenpa (a ruler from Macassar) would invite all the kings of Mandar to a feast, declare Radja Bonij’s wishes, and either lead them to Batavia or keep them in Macassar.
- Arouw Tjeballe delivered letters from Radja Palacca and the VOC to the leaders of Boni in Boerecomba. Though the land in Boni was reportedly dry and barren, people were arriving with belongings, claiming to seek farmland—but the Council suspected they were avoiding a summons.
- Radja Palacca also sent messengers to Kadja Louboe, though it was unclear if they arrived. Rumors suggested Kadja Louboe was willing to leave his land if the VOC insisted, having recently made peace with his enemies, the Turadjers (as previously advised by the Council).
- Radja Palacca noted his land was now more prosperous than Radja Bonij’s, whose people had previously refused VOC assistance against the Turadjers.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1347 / 0725
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1347 / 0015
On 16 November and 18 November, two shipments of documents were sent by boat, including:
- A letter from Governor Isaacq van Thijl in Makassar to the Noble Council in Batavia, dated 14 October 1697 (document 266).
- A letter from Governor Isaac van Thijl and the Council in Makassar to the same Noble Council in Batavia, dated 21 October 1697 (document 271).
- Another letter from the same sender and recipient, dated 24 October 1697 (document 277).
The records also mention a collection of documents with folio numbers: 156, 28, 234, 235, 243, 245, 251, 60, and 254.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1595 / 0721
This record details diplomatic and administrative exchanges involving the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in Macassar (modern-day Makassar, Indonesia) and Batavia (modern-day Jakarta) during the year 1697. Below is a breakdown of the key events and documents:
- October 24, 1697: Gifts (likely money or goods) were given to envoys from the Raja of Bone (also called Boni).
- October 31, 1697: A payment of 117½ real (a currency) was made to envoys from Goa via a Burger Chialoup (likely a local intermediary). Another payment of 25 real was given to envoys from Macassar.
- November 13, 1697: Documents were submitted to the General Secretariat, including records related to envoys.
- A translated letter in Malay from the Queen Dowager Daing Tellille of Macassar to Governor-General Willem van Outhoorn in Batavia.
- September 1697:
- September 7, 1697: A report in the form of questions and answers, prepared by gecommitteerden Steenkop, Thooft, and Mijer (likely VOC officials), addressing the claims of the King of Goa’s envoys.
- October 7, 1697: Another letter from Governor Isaacq van Thijl and the council in Macassar to the High Government in Batavia.
- Translated Malay letters from:
- Complaints from the envoys of Soping against the Raja of Bone, submitted to the governor-general.
- A Malay-language agreement ("tertoog") from the envoys of Goa to the governor-general.
- A Malay letter from the young King of Bima (an island in Indonesia) to the High Government in Batavia.
- Letters from Jenellijs Sappij and Rasmaij (likely local leaders or officials) to the authorities in Batavia.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1595 / 0720
This collection of documents, received in Batavia between 14 February 1697 and 28 August 1697, details political and military events in the region, primarily involving local rulers and the Dutch authorities in Macassar.
- A letter from Governor Isaac van Thije and the council of Macassar, dated 4 May 1697, was sent to the Dutch government in Batavia. It includes:
- Another letter from Governor van Thije and the council, dated 8 June 1697 (with a postscript from 10 June 1697), was also sent to Batavia.
- A translated letter from Raja Bonij and Dain Tellille to the Dutch authorities.
- A list of complaints from Raja Bonij against the Portuguese in Goa, submitted to Governor van Thije.
- A report by Under-Merchant and Sabandhaar Adriaan Thooft, dated 1 May 1697, describing his activities and observations in Sumbawa, Dompo, and Bima.
- A statement from the interpreter Joannes Ferdiandus about goods taken by Crain Jeremika and Arou Teeko from the defeated king of Tambora.
- A letter from Governor Plaac van Thije and the council, dated 27 July 1697, sent to Batavia.
- Two short reports from Major Adolph Winckler, Chief Merchant Matthijs Schenkenberg, and the captain of the Malay soldiers, Abdul Bagus, submitted to the Governor-General. These reports include:
- A confession from the Raja of Tambora regarding the attack on the Dutch fort in Bima.
- The murder of the queen of Dompo.
The documents also include a translation of a Malay account describing the campaign of the new king of Benij against the ruler of Soping.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1595 / 0719
This collection of documents, received in Batavia between 14 February 1697 and 28 June 1697, details political conflicts and diplomatic missions in the region, primarily involving the Dutch East India Company (VOC). The records were transported by the ships Domburgh and Boswijk and include the following key points:
- A translation of a Malay account describing the military campaign of the new King of Bone (Radja Bonij) against the ruler of Soping.
- A letter from Governor Isaac van Thije and the council in Macassar to the Honorable Government in Batavia, dated 4 May 1697, discussing regional affairs.
- Instructions for Under-Merchant Abraham Holcker and Ensign Pieter Pietersz, dated 10 April 1697, for their mission to Chinrana to meet with Radja Bonij.
- A report from Holcker and Pietersz, dated 28 April 1697, detailing their activities and findings during their assignment with Radja Bonij.
- A translated letter from the Radja of Goa to the Honorable Government in Batavia, outlining his concerns.
- Another letter from Governor Van Thije and the council in Macassar to Batavia, dated 8 June 1697, with a postscript added on 10 June 1697.
- A translated Malay letter from Radja Bonij and Dain Tellille to the Honorable Government.
- A list of grievances from Radja Bonij against the rulers of Goa, submitted to Governor Van Thije.
- A report by Under-Merchant and Sabandhaar Adriaan Thooft, dated 1 May 1697, on his observations and activities in Sumbawa, Dompo, and Bima.
- A statement from the interpreter Joannes Ferdiandus regarding goods handed over by Crain Jerenika, a former rebel general. This includes a confession from the Radja of Tambora about attacks on the VOC fort in Bima and the murder of the Queen of Dompo.
The documents highlight tensions between local rulers, the involvement of the VOC in regional politics, and the diplomatic efforts to manage conflicts in the area.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1595 / 0717
On 20 May 1697, a report was sent from Amboina (Ambon) to Batavia (Jakarta) via the ship De Voetboog. The letter was written by Willem van Wijngaarden, an Extraordinary Council of the Dutch East India Company (VOC), who also served as Governor and Director of Amboina. The letter was addressed to:
The report included:
- A short summary of events in Amboina during the leadership of Cornelis Stull, the former Chief Merchant, up to 3 April 1697, when authority was handed over to Willem van Wijngaarden.
- A list of all the projects and tasks completed in Amboina since Cornelis Stull was in charge.
The document was registered as No. 5 and contained 22 pages.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1595 / 0013
The records from Amboina in 1697 include official letters and reports sent to the government in Batavia by Willem van Wijngaarden, the Extraordinary Council and Governor of Amboina, along with the local council. These documents were received in Batavia on 6 June, 9 August, and 11 October 1697 via different ships.
- A complaint from Cornelis Stull, a senior merchant, dated 20 May 1697, about 250 gold coubangs (coins) lost at sea from the ship Htobre near Amboina in the previous year.
- A report by Cornelis Stull, submitted to Willem van Wijngaarden, summarizing key events in Amboina during his time in charge.
- A daily log by junior merchant Pieter Nuijts, handed over to acting commander Cornelis Stull on 2 November 1696, detailing the destruction of clove trees on the north coast of Ceram.
- A statement by former fiscal officer Jan van Hoorn, dated 13 May 1697, explaining why he did not start legal action against de Haas, the commander of the Chialoup, for seizing a Papuan vessel from Massoal.
- A short letter from Willem van Wijngaarden and the Amboina council to the government in Batavia, dated 30 May 1697.
- A letter from Willem van Wijngaarden and the council, dated 25 September 1697, including notes on the recent destruction of clove trees in Alang, Lileboij, and Hatou, as well as others discovered and cut down in the Hila district.
- A report by appointed officials on their mission to Tengatenga to resolve conflicts within the village, dated 13 March 1697.
- A legal verdict related to the above conflicts.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1595 / 0007
On 14 October 1697, Isaac van Thije wrote from Macassar (in the Rotterdam Castle) to Governor-General Willem van Outhoorn and the Council of the Dutch East Indies in Batavia. He noted that while it seemed safest to favor the Boni side in local conflicts for the sake of general peace, only time and experience would show if this was the right choice. His letter was sent via sloops under the command of Burgher Jacob du Mee.
On 21 October 1697, another letter was sent from Macassar, this time aboard a Chinese vessel, accompanying a set of unchecked payroll books due to time constraints. The letter referenced an earlier report from 7 October, which was attached as a copy since the original was missing. The main purpose was to send the payroll books—closed at the end of the previous August—along with other annual documents. Due to lack of time, the books had not yet been reviewed post-by-post as required by a 6 September 1694 resolution. However, the governor assured that the pay had been managed carefully:
- Officials with debts in their homeland received just enough to balance their finances.
- Those in poor standing received only 3 months of pay per year.
- Others, who were better off, had their pay delayed by 1–2 months due to high local costs and lack of subsidies.
The books would later be properly inspected by Fiscal Hendrik Steenkop and Sabandhaar Adriaan 't Hoofft, who were assigned for this task on 17 September.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1595 / 1001
On 14 October 1697, a report from Macassar highlighted the urgent need for defenses. The Raja of Goa and his deputy admitted during a meeting in July 1697 that they had fortified their city without notifying the Dutch East India Company (VOC). They claimed this was only for protection against the hostile people of Bonij and not against the VOC. They asked for forgiveness, arguing that Bonij’s king had also built strongholds in Chinrana and Massepij, including one reinforced with bamboo and earthworks.
The young king of Bonij initially had little respect from his people but later strengthened his rule with harsh punishments, advised by Aroe Tanette Matoea. Though he might never gain the same respect as his predecessors, the VOC feared his growing power. They noted that Bonij relied on the VOC for stability, either out of gratitude or fear of losing support if they turned against them.
The report suggested caution in shifting power dynamics. It warned against pushing Bonij too hard to repay debts or Goa to give up privileges, as this could backfire. Instead, the VOC should gradually adjust the balance of power among allies, ensuring stability through careful management. A sudden shift in favor of one side could disrupt the region’s equilibrium.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1595 / 0999
- On 14 October 1697, a report from Macassar described tensions involving Goa, Bonij, and Soping.
- Bonij threatened Goa, leading to urgent fortification efforts. The Dutch East India Company (VOC) advised Goa to close its open city gates and stay alert against surprise attacks, though a full siege was unlikely.
- Meanwhile, Macassar secretly strengthened its defenses, while Bonij watched but did nothing to stop it.
- The VOC refused to mediate between Bonij and Soping, fearing failed negotiations would worsen tensions. The VOC also disapproved of Aroe Ponij's aggressive actions in Soping.
- The VOC took two Soping princes, Dain Mabanij and Aroe Mario, under protection in Goa. This move was welcomed by Radja Goa and his advisor Crain Bontosongo, who saw it as a sign the VOC would protect oppressed allies.
- Bonij and Soping demanded the return of the two princes, but the VOC feared they would be executed to deter others from seeking help. Protecting them (along with 120+ relatives) would strengthen the VOC's influence and discourage future abuses by local rulers.
- The VOC believed this protection would help maintain a power balance in the region, justifying their refusal to hand over the princes despite formal claims from Bonij and Soping.
- The report also mentioned plans to further fortify Goa.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1595 / 0997
- On 24 October 1697, Jacob Cuijck van Mijerop, secretary in Macassar, sent a private letter from Castle Rotterdam to Willem van Outhoorn, Governor-General, and the Council of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) in Batavia.
- The letter included:
- An inventory of equipment from the small ship De Gerechtigheid (The Justice), signed by the helmsman.
- A final account of hidden supplies and other items for the same ship.
- A small invoice for purchased horn.
- A receipt signed by helmsman Isaacq Laurense.
- Cuijck van Mijerop noted that while most matters were already discussed in earlier letters (such as the one from 5 March 1697), he felt it his duty to provide additional private insights.
- The main goal since the death of the old king of Boni had been to restore the lost balance of power, which had weakened over time due to the actions of an old and reckless warrior. The death of the king and the rise of a young, inexperienced successor seemed like an opportunity to restore this balance.
- Initially, it was unclear how to achieve this, as the balance had to be sought between the kingdoms of Boni and Goa. Despite family ties—Lappatauw (a key figure) was married to the daughter of the king of Goa and had five children with her—conflicts arose.
- The attempt to restore the deposed king of Soping (a relative of the king of Goa) led to tensions. The people of Boni grew suspicious, believing the restoration was pushed by the king of Goa, which ultimately failed.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1595 / 0995
On 24 October 1697, a report from Macassar was prepared for the upcoming year 1698, including a catalog of medicines. The following documents were listed:
- A duplicate general muster roll (No. 12) of all employees of the Dutch East India Company (VOC) stationed at Castle Rotterdam in Macassar and surrounding areas, recorded as of 30 June 1697.
- A summary (No. 13) of the total strength (numbers) from the above muster roll.
- A list (No. 14) of qualified personnel, also dated 30 June 1697.
- A death roll (No. 15) of all deceased VOC employees from 26 September 1696 to 30 September 1697.
- A detailed list (No. 16) of chialoupens (small ships) and other minor vessels present in Macassar as of 30 June 1697.
- A brief summary (No. 17) of personnel transported to Batavia via the ships Domburg and Boswijk.
- A list (No. 18) of 3 individuals who still had outstanding debts, with requests for their original records.
- A set of payroll books (No. 19), including a journal and three ledgers, covering the period from 1 September 1696 to 31 August 1697, packed separately in a small chest.
- An additional document (No. 20), unspecified in detail.
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1595 / 0994
In June 1698, multiple ships arrived in and departed from the port of Batavia (modern-day Jakarta). The records list the following details:
- On June 16, an English ship named Toscane Gallij and another called Trumbal Galeij arrived from England.
- Other ships arriving included:
- On June 13, De Hoeker De Nijptang arrived.
- On June 14, 't Schip Goodestryne and the small vessel 't Jagt Boswijk arrived.
- On June 2, De Fluijt Warop and the small vessel De Schaapherder arrived from Bantam (modern-day Banten, Indonesia).
- On June 10, the English ship Siran Marchiant arrived from Japara (on Java, Indonesia) with an incomplete journey.
- On June 11, De Fluijt Walenburg arrived from Tagul (likely Terengganu, Malaysia).
- On June 26, De Fluijt Prinskant arrived from Banda (in Indonesia), and De Fluijt Schoonderloo arrived.
- On June 29, De Fluijt De Voetboog arrived from Banda via Amboina (modern-day Ambon, Indonesia).
- On June 18, 't Jagt De Purmer arrived from Bengale (modern-day Bangladesh/West Bengal).
- On June 25, 't Schip Dregterlaed arrived from Sosieralta (unclear location).
The following ships were present in Batavia by the end of June 1698:
- Large ships: De Vlieger, De Caauw, 't Casteel Batavia, De Moercappel, De Kuijper, De Tamboer, De Brack, Herderin, De Hengelaer, De Geregtigheijt, De Leeuwerlingalgoots, De Wijptang (a small ship called a hoeker), De Schaapharder, Voorschoten, Hobrecht Nierop, Walenboerg, Nassouw, Hoog Schepe, Prinsland, Schoon Daersoo, Nieuwland, and De Voetboog.
- Smaller vessels and yachts: De Conseisang (a Portuguese ship), De Fortuijn, De Lange Wijle, Herderin, Honsholredijk, Pamepus, De Swaag, Elisabeth, De Vnobber, 't Jagt 't Boswijke, Concordiae, Woggenerro, and De Vegt.
- Foreign ships: the English ships Crumbal Gallij and Nassouw (from England via Cadix, modern-day Cádiz, Spain), and the Portuguese ship S=t Pedro heading to Macao (modern-day Macau, China).
Several ships departed Batavia for various destinations:
- De Fluijt Bandboog sailed to Japan with senior merchant Hendrik Dijkman.
- A ship sailed to Surabaja (modern-day Surabaya, Indonesia) via Japara.
- A ship sailed to Ceylon (modern-day Sri Lanka) and another to Bengale via the west coast of Sumatra.
- A ship sailed to Cheribon (modern-day Cirebon, Indonesia) and Japara with official Pieder Durant.
- Ships numbered 316 sailed to various destinations, including China, Bantam, and other unspecified locations.
The records also mention the presence of Predikant Petries Vander Vorm traveling from Timor via Bina and Eactaen (unclear locations).
View transcript NL-HaNA / 1.04.02 / 1600 / 0333
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